Abstract
The author reports efficient upconversion optical pumping of the /sup 3/P levels of Pr/sup 3+/ in ZBLAN glass codoped with Yb/sup 3+/. Measurements of Pr/sup 3+/ visible emission against infrared pump intensity demonstrate the existence of an avalanche pumping process which comprises three components: radiationless energy transfer from Yb/sup 3+/ to Pr/sup 3+/, excited-state absorption in Pr/sup 3+/, and cross-relaxation between excited Pr/sup 3+/ ions and ground-state Yb/sup 3+/ ions.
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