Auxin-induced assimilate translocation in the bean stem (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Abstract

Decapitation of the fully-elongated fourth internode of Phaseolus vulgaris plants resulted in the disappearance from the internode of soluble acid invertase (EC 3.2.1.26). This loss was prevented by local applications to the internode of indol-3yl-acetic acid (IAA) and, at the point of IAA application, the specific activity of the enzyme increased by up to 3 times its initial value within 48 h of treatment. IAA applications stimulated the acropetal translocation to the internode of 14C-sucrose applied to the subtending (second) trifoliate leaf 30 h after decapitation and the start of the auxin treatment. Labelled assimilates accumulated in the IAA-treated region of the internode. Following decapitation the concentration of hexose sugars in the internode fell and that of sucrose rose substantially, but these trends were reversed by IAA treatment. However, small local accumulations of sucrose occurred at the point of auxin application where tissue concentrations of IAA were greatest (determined using [1-14C] IAA). Considerable quantities of starch were present in the ground parenchyma of the internodes at the start of the experiment but, in the absence of IAA, this was remobilised within 48 h of decapitation. IAA prevented starch loss at and below its point of application to the internode, but not from more distal tissues. Cambial proliferation, radial growth and lignification were stimulated in and below IAA-treated regions of the internode. These observations are discussed in relation to the hormonal regulation of assimilate translocation in the phloem.