Auxiliary matrices for the six-vertex model atqN= 1: II. Bethe roots, complete strings and the Drinfeld polynomial

Abstract

The spectra of recently constructed auxiliary matrices for the six-vertex model respectively the spin s=1/2 Heisenberg chain at roots of unity q^N=1 are investigated. Two conjectures are formulated both of which are proven for N=3 and are verified numerically for several examples with N>3. The first conjecture identifies an abelian subset of auxiliary matrices whose eigenvalues are polynomials in the spectral variable. The zeroes of these polynomials are shown to fall into two sets. One consists of the solutions to the Bethe ansatz equations which determine the eigenvalues of the six-vertex transfer matrix. The other set of zeroes contains the complete strings which encode the information on the degeneracies of the model due to the loop symmetry sl_2 present at roots of 1. The second conjecture then states a polynomial identity which relates the complete string centres to the Bethe roots allowing one to determine the dimension of the degenerate eigenspaces. Its proof for N=3 involves the derivation of a new functional equation for the auxiliary matrices and the six-vertex transfer matrix. Moreover, it is demonstrated in several explicit examples that the complete strings coincide with the classical analogue of the Drinfeld polynomial. The latter is used to classify the finite-dimensional irreducible representations of the loop algebra sl_2. This suggests that the constructed auxiliary matrices not only enable one to solve the six-vertex model but also completely characterize the decomposition of its eigenspaces into irreducible representations of the underlying loop symmetry.