Abstract
Recent surges in COVID-19 cases have generated an urgent global demand for ventilators. This demand has led to the development of numerous low-cost ventilation devices, but there has been less emphasis on training health professionals to use these new devices safely. The aim of this technical report is twofold: first, to describe the design and manufacturing process of the automated inflating resuscitator (AIR), a 3D-printed ventilator training device which operates on the principle of pushing a bag valve mask; second, to present a simulation scenario that can be used for training health professionals how to use this and similar, low-cost, 3D-printed ventilators in the context of ventilator shortages caused by COVID-19. To this end, the AIR was designed in an expedient manner in accordance with basic functionality established by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom) for provisional clinical use in light of COVID-19.
Highlights
In late 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases with unknown etiology were identified in Wuhan, China
Participants neglect the importance of the correct use of Protective Equipment (PPE), the importance of exchanging a non-definitive airway for a definitive one, the importance of requesting a mechanical ventilator for long-term use and / or transfer to an ICU and the importance of an effective communication to gather all information about the lack of available resources
Facilitators may provide details relevant to the medical regulation of communication between institutions and local ambulance teams. The aim of this technical report was twofold: first, to describe the design and manufacturing process of the automated inflating resuscitator (AIR), a 3D-printed ventilator training device which operates on the principle of pushing a bag valve mask (BVM); second, to describe a simulation scenario that can be used for training health professionals how to effectively and safely use this and similar, low-cost, 3D-printed ventilators in the context of ventilator shortages caused by COVID-19
Summary
In late 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases with unknown etiology were identified in Wuhan, China. As of June 28, 2020, there have been 495,760 global mortalities, with 8,508 of those coming from Canada [1]. Critical COVID-19 cases are characterized by respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. The demand for ventilators has far exceeded existing supplies. In Italy, for instance, physicians have been forced to allocate ventilator access on the basis of triage criteria such as age and likelihood of survival [2]. There is an urgent need for alternative ventilators, which has led to the development of numerous devices. There has been less emphasis on how to train health professionals to use these new devices safely
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