Abstract
Summary Attribution theory raises the possibility that findings of a direct linear relationship between attitude similarity and interpersonal attraction are mediated by the predictability of the other's attitudes and behaviors. In a nonexperimental study, 288 subjects predicted the attitudes of a stranger and compared his attitudes to their own. Findings showed that attitude similarity was directly related to attraction only when subjects were unable to predict the stranger's attitudes. At high levels of predictive accuracy, however, attitude similarity was inversely related to attraction. It is suggested that theoretical statements which link attitude similarity to interpersonal attraction have failed to specify necessary mediating conditions, and that exchange of attitudes and other sentiments permits individuals partially to predict and control social interaction.
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