Abstract
BackgroundAttachment and support from family and friends are core to the experiences of ageing for older adults. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between attachment styles and hope, religiosity, and life satisfaction and provide new knowledge that may assist future planning for a rapidly ageing global population.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 504 Iranian older adult participants from Qazvin province were recruited between December 2015 and April 2016. They completed a questionnaire that included the Revised Adult Attachment Scale, the Life Satisfaction Index-Z, and the Herth Hope Index.ResultsParticipants in the study had a mean age of 66.20 years (SD: 5.76) and most of them were women (57.5%). A mediation model testing the direct relationships between attachment, hope, religiosity, and life satisfaction showed a positive relationship between close attachment and religiosity (β = .226, p < .001) and a negative relationship between anxiety attachment and religiosity (β = − .229, p < .001). Religiosity was positively related to hope (β = .384, p < .01) and hope was related to life satisfaction (β = .448, p < .001). Religiosity and hope mediated the relationship between close attachment (β = .119, p < .001) and anxiety attachment (β = − .056, p < .01) with life satisfaction. More specifically, while religiosity and hope fully mediated the relationship between close attachment and life satisfaction, they partially mediated the attachment anxiety-life satisfaction link.ConclusionsFindings of the study provide insight into only a narrow perspective of life satisfaction and attachment given the many and varied variables that influence these constructs. Future research is needed whereby other related variables are introduced into the model to be examined further.
Highlights
For older individuals, aged 65 years and over, attachment to and support from family and friends are important factors that may influence their quality of life (QOL) [1]
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of attachment with hope, religiosity, and life satisfaction
Religiosity was positively related to hope (β = 0.384, p < 0.01) and hope was related to life satisfaction (β = 0.448, p < 0.001)
Summary
For older individuals, aged 65 years and over, attachment to and support from family and friends are important factors that may influence their quality of life (QOL) [1]. In Iran, the population of elderly people has been increasing annually and changes in the family (roles and structure) have led people to experience psychological distress in this age group. Considering the marked increase in the elderly population in Iran and the impact of attachment styles in this age group, assessment of the factors associated with attachment and life satisfaction among the older adults is important. Attachment and support from family and friends are core to the experiences of ageing for older adults. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between attachment styles and hope, religiosity, and life satisfaction and provide new knowledge that may assist future planning for a rapidly ageing global population
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