Atomically Dispersed Janus Nickel Sites on Red Phosphorus for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting.

Single‐atom nickel catalysts hold great promise for photocatalytic water splitting due to their plentiful active sites and cost‐effectiveness. Herein, we adopt a reactive‐group guided strategy to prepare atomically dispersed nickel catalysts on red phosphorus. The hydrothermal treatment of red phosphorus leads to the formation of P−H and P−OH groups, which behave as the reactive functionalities to generate the dual structure of single‐atom P−Ni and P−O−Ni catalytic sites. The produced single‐atom sites provide two different functions: P−Ni for water reduction and P−O−Ni for water oxidation. Benefitting from this specific Janus structure, Ni‐red phosphorus shows an elevated hydrogen evolution rate compared to Ni nanoparticle‐modified red phosphorus under visible‐light irradiation. The hydrogen evolution rate was additionally enhanced with increased reaction temperature, reaching 91.51 μmol h−1 at 70 °C, corresponding to an apparent quantum efficiency of 8.9 % at 420 nm excitation wavelength.

Recent progress in red phosphorus-based photocatalysts for photocatalytic water remediation and hydrogen production

Simultaneous hydrogen production and conversion of plastic wastes into valued chemicals over a Z-scheme photocatalyst

Noble-metal-free chalcogenide nanotwins for efficient and stable photocatalytic pure water splitting by surface phosphorization and cocatalyst modification

Zirconium phosphide (ZrP) powders were synthesized by elemental combination method via the direct reaction of zirconium powders with red phosphorus, and characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS, XRF, SAED and TEM measurements. The obtained ZrP powders were found to exhibit apparent activity in the ready eliminateion of nitric oxide (NO) via facile redox reactions, and the elimination dynamics was evaluated within the context of various important experimental parameters, such as reaction temperature and gas concentration. At a fixed amount of ZrP powders, an increasing amount of NO would be eliminated with increasing reaction temperature, and complete conversion of NO to N2 could be reached in the range of 700 to 800 °C. The addition of NH3 also facilitated NO elimination at a fixed reaction temperature. Furthermore, of the products of the elimination process, zirconia (ZrO2) powder is a kind of biocompatible material, red phosphorus can be used to produce safety matches, organophosphorous pesticide and phosphor bronze, and the produced N2 might be collected and used as a protective gas or be converted into liquid nitrogen for other purposes.

Facile fabrication nano-sized red phosphorus with enhanced photocatalytic activity by hydrothermal and ultrasonic method

In situ fabrication of a 2D Ni2P/red phosphorus heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution

Developing active photocatalysts using wide-spectrum light is crucial to promote the application of photocatalytic water splitting. Elemental red phosphorus (RP) has attracted much attention as a potential nonmetal photocatalyst owing to its low cost, earth abundance, and narrow bandgap. Herein, RP nanosheets were synthesized and tightly combined with carbon nitride (CN) framework nanosheets to form RP/CN van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure. CN nanosheets could act as a substrate to generate RP nanosheets through a “confinement effect”. This hybrid photocatalyst could utilize the incident light with the wavelength longer than 620 nm for pure water splitting, with hydrogen production activity of 367.0 μmol h–1g–1 under full arc illustration and 239.8 μmol h–1g–1 under visible light irradiation. The improved photocatalytic property was ascribed to the wide light absorption and intimate electronic coupling between 2D RP and 2D CN for accelerated charge transfer. Instead of O2, water was oxidized into H2O2 via a two-electron pathway, which could avoid the potential explosion by producing H2 and O2 simultaneously. This work proved the great potential of RP-based vdW heterostructures for solar-driven water splitting.

Electron transfer via homogeneous phosphorus bridges enabling boosted photocatalytic generation of H2 and H2O2 from pure water with stoichiometric ratio

Facile strategy to construction Co2P/g-C3N4 heterojunction with excellent photocatalytic water splitting activity

Photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI) on nano-sized red phosphorus under visible light irradiation

Aminated metal-free red phosphorus nanosheets for adsorption and photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) from water

Efficient photocatalytic H2O2 production from oxygen and pure water over graphitic carbon nitride decorated by oxidative red phosphorus

Sustainable scalable solid-state synthesis of highly efficient synergetic 2D/0D micro/nanostructured g-C3N4/CdS photocatalysts for hydrogen production and water purification

Visible-light-induced hydrogen production over Pt-Eosin Y catalysts with high surface area silica gel as matrix