Abstract
The authors have analyzed their experience of the production of various Electronic Atlases (EA) and Atlas Information Systems (AtIS) of so-called "classical type". These EA/AtIS have been implemented in the past decade in the Web 1.0 architecture (e.g., National Atlas of Ukraine, Atlas of radioactive contamination of Ukraine, and others). One of the main distinguishing features of these atlases was their static nature - the end user could not change the content of EA/AtIS. <br><br> Base maps are very important element of any EA/AtIS. In classical type EA/AtIS they were static datasets, which consisted of two parts: the topographic data of a fixed scale and data of the administrative-territorial division of Ukraine. It is important to note that the technique of topographic data production was based on the use of direct channels of topographic entity observation (such as aerial photography) for the selected scale. <br><br> Changes in the information technology of the past half-decade are characterized by the advent of the “Web 2.0 epoch”. Due to this, in cartography appeared such phenomena as, for example, "neo-cartography" and various mapping platforms like OpenStreetMap. These changes have forced developers of EA/AtIS to use new atlas basemaps. Our approach is described in the article. The phenomenon of neo-cartography and/or Web 2.0 cartography are analysed by authors using previously developed Conceptual framework of EA/AtIS. This framework logically explains the cartographic phenomena relations of three formations: Web 1.0, Web 1.0x1.0 and Web 2.0. <br><br> Atlas basemaps of the Web 2.0 epoch are integrated information systems. We use several ways to integrate separate atlas basemaps into the information system – by building: weak integrated information system, structured system and meta-system. This integrated information system consists of several basemaps and falls under the definition of "big data". In real projects it is already used the basemaps of three strata: Conceptual, Application and Operational. It is possible to use several variants of the basemap for each stratum. Furthermore, the developed methods of integration allow logically coordinate the application of different types of basemaps into a specific EA/AtIS. For example, such variants of the Conceptual strata basemap as the National map of Ukraine of our production and external resources such as OpenStreetMap are used with the help of meta-system replacement procedures. <br><br> The authors propose a Conceptual framework of the basemap, which consists of the Conceptual solutions framework of the basemap and few Application solutions frameworks of the basemap. Conceptual framework is intended to be reused in many projects and significantly reduce the resources. We differentiate Application frameworks for mobile and non-mobile environments. The results of the research are applied in few EA produced in 2014-2015 at the Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. One of them is the Atlas of emergency situations. It includes elements that work on mobile devices. At its core it is "ubiquitous" subset of the Atlas.
Highlights
Basemaps (BM) in the last decade were defined as (Decker, 2000): “... a theme that provides essential information on common land features upon which mapping applications may be performed and from which more specialized data may be derived
S belongs to the Electronic Atlases (EA)/Atlas Information Systems (AtIS) Conceptual framework (CoFr) General stratum, but here we showed it as in the (Klir, 1985)
At first glance it may seem that the stated in this work information is unnecessary or very difficult for practical application
Summary
Basemaps (BM) in the last decade were defined as (Decker, 2000): “... a theme that provides essential information on common land features upon which mapping applications may be performed and from which more specialized data may be derived. There are few set rules on what can be a base map layer or what the scale or the level of detail should be Determination of these characteristics depends on the needs of the organization developing the data for further use”. The atlas BM (АBM) can be defined as BM, applied to the decision of any task in some EA/AtIS Because such tasks are a few, it is necessary to deal with set of АBM. It is necessary to define АBM as an element of some ABM system This system, at least, should support research and/or creation and/or operation/support and/or development/modernization of EА/AtIS. The need for creation the new modern EА and AtIS Their АBM should consider existed in the country BM. Framework is architectural pattern for whole Cartographic system (or System of maps, or AtIS, or EA) or some its logical parts
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