Abstract
In spintronic devices consisting of ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic systems, the ferromagnet-induced magnetic moment in the adjacent nonmagnetic material significantly influences the spin transport properties. In this study, such magnetic proximity effect in a Pd/Co/Pd trilayer system is investigated by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and x-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity, which enables magnetic characterizations with element and depth resolution. We observe that the total Pd magnetic moments induced at the top Co/Pd interface are significantly larger than the Pd moments at the bottom Pd/Co interface, whereas transmission electron microscopy and reflectivity analysis indicate the two interfaces are nearly identical structurally. Such asymmetry in magnetic proximity effects could be important for understanding spin transport characteristics in ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic systems and its potential application to spin devices.
Highlights
To the dearth of magnetic scattering beamlines with x-ray energies near the 4d transition metal L edges (~3 keV)
We present two possible origins of the asymmetric magnetic proximity effect of Pd observed in this study
Theoretical studies predict a thickness dependent magnetic moment of a Pd film[51], so that the difference in top and bottom Pd thicknesses could result in different Pd magnetic moments
Summary
To the dearth of magnetic scattering beamlines with x-ray energies near the 4d transition metal L edges (~3 keV). The depth profiles of the structural and magnetic properties in a NM/FM/NM trilayer system (Pd/Co/Pd) are investigated using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and x-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity. While the top and bottom interfaces appear to have an almost identical structure, we observe a difference in the induced magnetic moment between the top and bottom NM (Pd). The top NM (Pd) was found to have a significantly thicker “magnetically induced” region and a larger total induced magnetic moment compared to those of the bottom NM (Pd)
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