Asteroids (Echinodermata) from the Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) rocky shore at Ivö Klack, southern Sweden

The upper Wenlock Coldwell Siltstone Formation of Cumbria and North Yorkshire, which accumulated in the Lake District Basin, contains a deep-water, trilobite-dominated fauna that is documented in detail here. The trilobites of the formation are revised on the basis of new material and existing museum collections. Delops nobilis marri Rickards and Struveria howgillensis Rickards are considered conspecific with Dalmanites mobergi Hede and Dalmanites simricus Hede respectively from the Swedish Colonus Shale. Based on the type species, Delops Rickards is recognized as a senior synonym of Lygdozoon Holloway. A new genus, Rickardsia , is erected to accommodate Dalmanites mobergi Hede, Delops nobilis (Thomas), and Delops dermolac Šnajdr, which share characters that differentiate them from the type and other species of Delops . The fauna referred to previously as the Delops–Miraspis Assemblage is renamed the Rickardsia-Miraspis Association, and redefined to take account of new data. The trilobites Decoroproetus sp. nov.? and a cheirurid, and the brachiopods Leangella segmentum (Lindström) and Protozyga ? sp., are recognized in the fauna for the first time. Comparable trilobite and brachiopod assemblages occur at the same stratigraphical level in the Welsh Basin, southern Sweden, Poland and the Czech Republic, and together with that of the Coldwell Siltstone Formation, are considered to have invaded these areas during a eustatic lowstand during the late Wenlock Epoch. Comparison with other assemblages suggests that all occupied depths that were not less than the shallowest limits of benthic assemblage (BA) 5.

Taphonomy and palaeoecology of the gastropod fauna from a Late Cretaceous rocky shore, Sweden

Ten species of crinoids are recorded from a rocky shoreline deposit of upper lower Campanian age at Ivö Klack in southern Sweden. These include three comatulids, i.e., Semiometra annulata Rasmussen, 1961, S. impressa (Carpenter, 1881), and Loriolometra retzii (Lundgren, 1875), three isocrinids, i.e., Nielsenicrinus cf. carinatus (Roemer, 1840), and isocrinid sp. 1 and sp. 2, as well as four pelagic roveacrinids, i.e., Stellacrinus lineatus Gale, 2018, Crassicoma suedica sp. nov., Applinocrinus cretaceus forma spinifer Gale, 2018 and Cultellacrinus labyrinthus Gale, 2016. The comatulids and isocrinids coexisted in shallow (<30 m), high-energy coastal environments, whereas the roveacrinids were Chalk Sea dwellers in the upper water column that were washed into the shallows by currents. The presence of isocrinids in such shallow habitats is remarkable given that these environments are characterised by high biodiversity, intense predation pressure, strong currents and wave-agitated waters – conditions typically considered unsuitable for these slow-moving stalked crinoids, and the reason they are thought to be confined to depths in excess of 100 m in present-day oceans. The Ivö Klack specimens presented herein represent the only known occurrence of isocrinids in a rocky shoreline deposit, marking a notable shift in isocrinid ecology and habitat preference. The limited stratigraphical ranges of the roveacrinids in expanded chalk successions elsewhere corroborates other age assignments of the succession at Ivö Klack.

In spite of considerable progress during the last few years, the fossil record of the ophiuroids, or brittle stars, is still poorly known, especially with respect to taxa restricted to specific environments. Here, we describe new ophiuroid fossils collected from an Upper Cretaceous rocky shore in Ivö Klack, southern Sweden, consisting of fully disarticulated skeletal remains retrieved from the sediments deposited between boulders and hummocks. The fossils are identified as a new species of the extant ophiocomid genus Ophiocoma. In a critical revision of the ophiocomid fossil record, we show that all fossils previously assigned to the Ophiocomidae belong to other families. Thus, the fossil record of the Ophiocomidae is currently restricted to the new species described herein, and Amphiura? gigantiformis from the Miocene of Austria which, in fact, is a species of Ophiocoma. Since recent species of Ophiocoma exclusively occur in tropical to subtropical shallow subtidal environments, our discovery of a fossil Ophiocoma species in the rocky shore sediments of Ivö therefore conforms with the previously assumed subtropical palaeotemperatures prevailing in southern Sweden during the Late Cretaceous. Most notably, it represents the northernmost occurrence of an ophiocomid recorded to date.

New material of thoracican cirripedes, traditionally assigned to Brachylepadomorpha and basal Balanomorpha, is described from abundant isolated plates collected from sediment deposited between boulders on a rocky coastline of Late Campanian age (c. 80 Ma) at Ivö Klack in Scania, southern Sweden. Two new genera, Epibrachylepas Gale gen. nov. and Parabrachylepas Gale gen. nov. (type species P. ifoensis Withers, 1935) are described, as is a new species, Epibrachylepas newmani Gale sp. nov. Pachydiadema cretacea Withers, 1935 and Brachylepas guascoi (Bosquet, 1857) are redescribed on the basis of extensive new material. It is concluded that the long-held homologies between lateral plates of pedunculate cirripedes and balanomorphs are incorrect, and a new nomenclature is proposed for the latter group. Cladistic analysis based on 40 morphological characters of 12 species yields a consensus tree showing successive Brachylepas species and Pachydiadema as sister taxa to the crown group balanomorphs, which are here called Neobalanomorpha Gale suborder nov. Both ‘Brachylepadomorpha’ and ‘Brachylepadidae’ are paraphyletic, and together with P. cretacea form a morphocline leading from pedunculate ancestors (Pycnolepas articulata), through to basal sessile forms (B. naissanti, B. guascoi) and on to taxa identified as basal balanomorphs (Parabrachylepas, Epibrachylepas, Pachydiadema). The functional significance of the progressive changes is discussed with reference to living taxa. It is suggested that the radiation of Neobalanomorpha, dominant shallow water thoracicans in the Cenozoic, postdated the K-Pg near-extinction of more basal sessile barnacle groups.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BB41A405-C0AE-472D-AD09-77D39C6A32FC

Quantifying temporal trends in anthropogenic litter in a rocky intertidal habitat

An early Campanian rocky shore at Ivö Klack, southern Sweden

The paper describes and analyses recent finds of the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) from the archaeological sites at Obříství (Mělník District, at the confluence of the Elbe and Moldau rivers in the Bohemian Basin, Czech Republic). Turtle remains were found in three sunken features dated to the Late Bronze Age or to the Hallstatt period, and in one feature dated to the Neolithic. The high number of osteological finds, particularly the number of individuals found in one place, is unique within Bohemia and very rare for the Bronze Age to Iron Age in Europe. A large number of shell remains were identified, from at least 12 individuals in feature 1480, and from at least 5 individuals in feature 1483. The high numbers support the hypothesis that the European pond turtle was once a regular feature of the local fauna, even though the Bohemian basin is surrounded by mountains, which will have presented difficulties for the process of postglacial recolonization by semiaquatic thermophilous reptiles. The findings from Obříství show evidence of the exploitation of turtles for food. Signs of culinary procedures and the human consumption of turtles include anthropogenic chop marks, signs of burning and the apparently intentional segmentation of the turtle bodies. The quantity of turtle bones is still negligible, however, compared with those of mammals. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The cirripede faunas from the Cretaceous (Campanian) of Skåne, southern Sweden, are reviewed and a total number of 31 species are recorded, the majority of which come from the upper lower Campanian (Belemnellocamax mammillatus Zone) of Ivö Klack, in the Kristianstad Basin. A number of new taxa are described, including the family Angulalepadidae and genus Angulalepas (type species Pollicipes nilssoni Steenstrup, 1839), as are Zeugmatolepas alifera sp. nov., Arcuatoscalpellum carlssoni sp. nov., Regioscalpellum ahlbergi sp. nov., and Epibrachylepas lineatum sp. nov. Pollicipes angelini Darwin, 1851, is placed in the genus Solidoscalpellum Gale, 2025, and Pollicipes undulatus Steenstrup, 1839 in the genus Arcuatoscalpellum Gale, 2015. The palaeoecology of the rocky shoreline cirripede fauna from Ivö Klack is discussed, and taxa are assigned to 6 microniche habitats, determined largely by the degree of turbulence and the nature of the substrates.

Morphological adaptations of the brachiopods from a Late Cretaceous rocky shore, Ivö Klack, southern Sweden

Rocky shore taphonomy—A comparative study of modern and Late Cretaceous analogues

Abundant new material ofRoveacrinida from the upperSantonian and lowerCampanian chalk of southernEngland, the lowerCampanianTaylorFormation ofTexas, theMaastrichtianPrairieBluffFormation ofMississippi and the lowerCampanian rocky shoreline deposits ofIvöKlack, southernSweden is described. TheSaccocomidae, subfamilySaccocominae, are represented byCostatocrinusgen. nov., with included speciesC. brydoneisp. nov. (type species) andC. mortimoreisp. nov. TheSaccocomidae, subfamilyApplinocrininae, genusApplinocrinus, includesA. cretaceus(Bather),A. texanusPeck andA. russellisp. nov.Sagittacrinusgen. nov. (type species:S. torpedosp. nov.) is represented only by highly distinctive primibrachials. The ‘ventral cover plates’ ofApplinocrininae are re‐interpreted as modified brachials.Roveacrinidae (Roveacrininae) is represented byRoveacrinus communisDouglas,R. bairstowiPeck andJakeocrinusgen. nov. (type species:J. ellisensissp. nov.). A new subfamily,Hessicrininae, characterized particularly by skeletal reduction through the development of fenestrae and foramina, and many with long processes from radials and basals, is established forPlatelicrinusDestombes &Breton,Lucernacrinusgen. nov. (type species:L. woodisp. nov.),Hessicrinusgen. nov. (type species:H. filigreesp. nov.; alsoH. scalaensissp. nov.),Stellacrinusgen. nov. (type species:S. hugesaesp. nov.; and formacristatusnov.),S. pannosussp. nov., and the aberrantCultellacrinusgen. nov.,which lacks arms (type species:C. gladiussp. nov.). TheSantonian–Maastrichtian roveacrinids represent a fourth and final radiation of the family. Cladistic analysis of theHessicrininae subfam. nov. supports the monophyly of the subfamily, and indicates that the most derived taxa areStellacrinusgen. nov. andCultellacrinusgen. nov. From adaptive morphological data, patterns of distribution and palaeoenvironmental information, it is concluded that these crinoids lived as mesoplankton. The short ranges and wide geographical distribution offer considerable biostratigraphical potential.

R. P. W. Stancliffe, W. A. S. Sarjeant, The Complex Chorate Dinoflagellate Cysts of the Bathonian to Oxfordian (Jurassic): Their Taxonomy and Stratigraphic Significance, Micropaleontology, Vol. 36, No. 3 (1990), pp. 197-228

Hindsight informs foresight: revisiting millennial forecasts of impacts and status of rocky shores in 2025.

Limpet grazing on a physically stressful Patagonian rocky shore