Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this paper was to clarify the association between genetic variation in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene and the risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Methods: A case-control study (633 cases and 625 controls) was conducted in this study. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between environmental and individual factors and NIHL. Gene expression levels were compared among each GAPDH rs6489721 genotype and between the case and control groups based on real-time fluorescence quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: The T allele of GADPH rs6489721 was significantly associated with NIHL (odds ratio (OR) = 1.262, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.066, 1.493), p = 0.006) and showed strong associations in the codominant and dominant models (TT vs. CC: OR = 1.586, 95% CI (1.131, 2.225), p = 0.008; TT vs. TC/CC: OR = 1.391, 95% CI (1.073, 1.804), p = 0.013). The expression level of the TT genotype was significantly higher than that of the CC genotype (p = 0.012), and the expression of the case group was also higher than that of the control group (p = 0.013). Conclusions: The homozygous risk allele (TT) of rs6489721 was associated with an enhanced GAPDH expression, resulting in the development of NIHL in a Chinese population.
Highlights
Millions of workers are exposed to harmful noise in the workplace
In light of the function of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in oxidative stress and its proapoptotic effect, this study aimed to explore the effect of GAPDH gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)
The results suggest that the GAPDH Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) rs1136666 and rs6489721 may be related to NIHL
Summary
About 12% of workers in the United States have hearing impairment, of which about 24% is considered to be caused by occupational noise exposure, with 22 million workers exposed to excessive noise [1]. About 20% of workers in Europe are exposed to noise for >50% of their working hours [2], while more than 10 million workers in China are exposed to occupational noise, of whom about 1 million have different levels of occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) [3]. The World Health Organization estimated that 466 million people worldwide suffered from hearing loss [4]. Occupational NIHL, second only to senile deafness [6], is one of the major occupational diseases
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