Abstract
BackgroundOral lichen planus (OLP) is a premalignant mucocutaneous disease in which genetic factors and immune responses play a major role. Cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis and disease progression of OLP. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of gene polymorphisms of T helper cell subtype Th1 and Th2 cytokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 on OLP susceptibility in a Saudi cohort.MethodsForty two unrelated patients with OLP and 195 healthy controls were genotyped for IFN-γ (874A/T), IL-6 (174G/C) and TGF-β1 (509C/T) polymorphisms.ResultsThe frequency of genotype AT of IFN-γ (874A/T) was significantly higher while genotype AA was lower in OLP patients as compared to controls (P < 0.05). The frequency of T containing genotypes (AT + TT) was also higher in OLP patients as compared to that in controls (P = 0.003). The frequencies of allele T was higher while that of allele A lower in patients than the controls however the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.07). There was no significant difference in the frequencies of alleles and genotypes of IL-6 (174G/C) and TGF-β1 (509C/T) polymorphisms between patient and control groups. These results indicated that genotype AT of IFN-γ (874A/T) polymorphism is associated with OLP risk and genotype AA is protective to OLP. On the other hand the polymorphisms IL-6 (174G/C) and TGF-β1 (509C/T) may not be associated with OLP risk in our population.ConclusionIt is concluded that IFN-γ (874A/T) polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility of OLP, however further studies with large sample size involving different ethnic populations should be conducted to strengthen our results.
Highlights
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a premalignant mucocutaneous disease in which genetic factors and immune responses play a major role
Cytokines play an important role in the progression/ pathogenesis of OLP and polymorphisms in cytokines genes such as Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), TNF-α, TNF-β, IL-4, IL-10 have been associated with the susceptibility of OLP [9, 10]
We evaluated the association of IFN-γ (874A/T), IL-6 (174G/C) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (509C/T) polymorphisms with OLP risk in Saudi patients
Summary
Cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis and disease progression of OLP. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a premalignant mucocutaneous disease in which genetic factors and immune responses play a major role. The OLP with complex pathogenesis, involves antigen presentation by the oral keratinocytes either of an exogenous or an endogenous origin [5]. This immune response is accompanied by a mixed inflammatory response of T-cells, macrophages, and mast cells, together with the associated cytokines and cytotoxic molecules [5, 6]. Cytokines play an important role in the progression/ pathogenesis of OLP and polymorphisms in cytokines genes such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, TNF-β, IL-4, IL-10 have been associated with the susceptibility of OLP [9, 10]
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