Association of bisphenol A exposure with in vitro fertilization outcomes: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Bisphenol A exposure associates with colorectal cancer metastasis and immunosuppression: A five-year cohort study.

Serum unconjugated bisphenol A concentrations in women may adversely influence oocyte quality during in vitro fertilization

Relationship between maternal exposure to bisphenol S and pregnancy duration

Higher dermal exposure of cashiers to BPA and its association with DNA oxidative damage

Relationship between bisphenol A exposure and attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: A case-control study for primary school children in Guangzhou, China.

Bisphenol A exposure in relation to altered lipid profile and dyslipidemia among Chinese adults: A repeated measures study

To develop a BPA Exposure Assessment Module (BEAM) for use in large observational studies and to evaluate the ability of the BEAM to estimate bisphenol A (BPA) exposure levels. The BEAM was designed by modifying an FFQ with questions targeting known sources of BPA exposure. Frequency of intake of known dietary sources of BPA was assessed using the BEAM and three 24 h food records as a reference diet measurement tool. Urinary BPA (uBPA) levels were measured as the criterion tool in a pooled urine sample (nine spot samples per participant). Spearman correlations, linear regression and weighted kappa analysis were used to evaluate the ability of the BEAM and food records to estimate BPA exposure levels. Minneapolis/Saint Paul, MN, USA. Sixty-eight healthy adult (20-59 years) volunteers. Dietary BPA intake assessed by the BEAM was not associated with uBPA levels and was unable to predict participants' rank by uBPA levels. BEAM models with all a priori predictors explained 25 % of the variability in uBPA levels. Canned food intake assessed by food records was associated with uBPA levels, but was unable to rank participants by uBPA levels. Multivariable-adjusted food record models with a priori predictors explained 41 % of the variability in uBPA levels. Known dietary sources of BPA exposure explained less than half the variability in uBPA levels, regardless of diet assessment method. Findings suggest that a questionnaire approach may be insufficient for ranking BPA exposure level and additional important sources of BPA exposure likely exist.

Urinary bisphenol A and S are associated with diminished ovarian reserve in women from an infertility clinic in Northern China

ISEE-0077 Background and Significance: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an estrogenic monomer used to produce polycarbonate plastics and resins and is used in toys, water supply pipes, and medical tubing. Prenatal BPA exposure causes aggression and hyperactivity in rodent offspring, but there are no published human data. Methods: We examined the association between prenatal BPA exposure and behavioral problems in 249 two-year old children. We measured BPA exposure in urine at 16 and 26 weeks gestation and birth. Behavioral problems were measured by parental report using the Behavioral Assessment System for Children-2 (BASC). We examined the association between log transformed creatinine corrected urinary BPA concentrations and externalizing, internalizing and behavior symptom index (BSI) T-scores using linear regression. Results: Creatinine corrected 16 week urinary BPA concentrations were associated with externalizing behavior problems (β: 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.1, 5.3) after adjustment for maternal age, race, education, income, depression, marital status, child sex, and caregiving environment. Sex modified the effect of 16 week BPA exposure. Higher BPA exposure among females was associated with increased externalizing (β: 5.2; 95% CI: 1.4, 8.9), internalizing (β: 2.9; 95% CI: −0.7, 6.4), and BSI (β: 5.0; 95% CI: 1.7, 8.4) T-scores, but not among male children. BASC T-scores were not associated with BPA concentrations at 26 weeks and only moderately associated with birth BPA concentrations. Conclusions: These data suggest that prenatal BPA exposure may be associated with behavior problems in two year olds, but further studies are necessary to examine this relationship in older children when behavioral measures are more stable.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA), a xenoestrogenic monomer, is one of the most common industrial chemicals used in epoxy coatings for canned food and other consumer items. There is only limited information regarding the potential health risks from BPA exposure in children and adolescents from Asian countries. Objective: To detect and determine urinary BPA concentrations, and identify possible association between urinary BPA levels, demographic characteristics, and BPA exposure risks in Thai children and adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 376 children and adolescents aged 3−18 years from kindergarten, elementary, and middle schools in Bangkok, Thailand. Urinary concentrations of total BPA were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC−MSMS). Anthropometric data and questionnaires regarding BPA exposure risks were collected. Results: BPA was detected in 283 of 376 urine samples (75.3%) with a median adjusted BPA 0.53 μg/g creatinine (range 0.04−1.12). Thirty-one participants (9%) were overweight and 39 (11%) were obese. The BPA detection rate was significantly higher in obese children (OR 3.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18−9.95, P = 0.02) compared with children of normal weight. BPA was detected more often in younger children (3–6 years) when compared with children (6−10 years) and adolescents (10−18 years). There were no significant association between BPA levels and other demographic data or BPA exposure risks. Conclusions: BPA exposure in Thai children and adolescents may be lower than exposure in children from the United States, some European nations, and other Asian countries. Obese and younger children were significantly associated with BPA detection.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an ubiquitous chemical, which is an endocrine disruptor. Recent epidemiological studies have suggested a relationship between BPA exposure and body weight. However, most of these studies were cross-sectional and not on elderly people. We conducted a panel study with repeated measurements to evaluate the relationship between BPA and overweight in elderly people. A total of 560 elderly participants aged ≥60 years were recruited in Seoul from 2008 to 2010. Urinary BPA levels and body mass index (BMI, kg/m(2)) were measured at every visit. We defined a BMI ≥25 as overweight and examined the relations between urinary BPA and BMI or overweight. Repeated measures analysis was performed after adjusting for age, sex, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, total calorie intake, fatty acid intake, urinary cotinine levels, and the status of diabetes mellitus. The geometric mean of BPA was 0.67 μg/g creatinine. The odds ratio (OR) of overweight was 1.17 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.32) per interquartile range increase of log-transformed BPA. When stratified based on sex, we observed a significant association in women (OR 1.25; 95 % CI 1.09-1.45) but not in men (OR 0.97; 95 % CI 0.77-1.22). The ORs of overweight increased with quartiles of BPA in women (quartile 2 vs 1: OR 1.54; 95 % CI 1.02-2.32, 3 vs 1: OR 1.70; 95 % CI 1.10-2.62, and 4 vs 1: OR 1.81; 95 % CI 1.13-2.92). Our results suggest that urinary BPA levels are significantly associated with overweight in elderly women but not elderly men.

Background: The association of bisphenol A (BPA) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been investigated in only a small number of studies, and research on the associations between BPA substitutes and GDM is scarce.Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations of four bisphenols [bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF)] levels in urine sample with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and plasma glucose levels.Methods: A total of 1,841 pregnant women from a cohort study were recruited at their first prenatal examination between 2013 and 2015 in Wuhan, China. Concentrations of four bisphenols (BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF) were measured in first-trimester urine samples using Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography system coupled to a Triple Quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC-TQMS). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at 24–28 gestational weeks and GDM was diagnosed post hoc using International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the associations of urinary bisphenols with the risk of GDM, and multiple linear regression models to determine the associations between bisphenols exposure and plasma glucose levels.Results: Urinary BPAF was associated with increased odds of GDM among women with normal pre-pregnancy BMI [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.70 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.67) for the highest group compared to the lowest group], and the association remained significant after additional adjustment for other bisphenols [aOR = 1.68 (95% CI: 1.03, 2.72)]. No significant associations were observed for other bisphenols and GDM. Consistent with the result of GDM, women in the highest BPAF category had a mean of 0.05 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.01, 0.09) higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels than women in the lowest category. For BPA and plasma glucose, non-linear associations were observed between urinary BPA and FPG and the sum of the PG z-score among women who were overweight (p for non-linear association < 0.05). We also found that the per-unit increase in natural log transformed specific gravity adjusted BPS [ln (SG-adj BPS)] was associated with a 0.03 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.01, 0.04) increase in FPG levels and the associations might be modified by fetal sex (p for interaction < 0.05). Among women with female fetus, a per-unit increase in ln (SG-adj BPS) was associated with a 0.04 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.02, 0.06) increase in FPG, a 0.11 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.04, 0.17) increase in 1 h-PG and a 0.19 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.08, 0.30) increase in the sum of PG z-score.Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that BPAF and BPS might be potential risk factors of GDM, which require to be studied further.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant. Low dose negative effects of BPA have been demonstrated in many organ systems, especially as an endocrine disruptor. BPA exposure may lead to insulin resistance and development of type-2 diabetes through its over-activation of the insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Previous epidemiological studies have linked urinary BPA and type-2 diabetes. Methods: We examined 4,389 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 to 2008 to further explore the association between BPA exposure and type-2 diabetes. We investigated if higher urinary BPA was associated with higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), a biological measure of the glycemic index, using survey-weighted generalized linear models. Results: For the total sample of 4,389, log-transformed urinary BPA levels were highly associated with HbA1c (β estimate= 0.034% (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.002% to 0.066%) for an interquartile range increase in log(BPA), 1.41 ng/mL), after controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, household income, smoking, body mass index, waist circumference, and urine creatinine concentrations. However, such a significant association was found only in the 2003/04 cycle of NHANES (n=1,364) (β=0.097% (95% CI, 0.040% to 0.154%)). No association was found in NHANES 2005/06 or 2007/08. The observed significant association in NHANES 2003/04 seems to be driven by a larger significant association among participants who were taking diabetes medication (n=119, weighted percentage=6%, β=0.324% (95% CI, 0.055% to 0.592%)); for non-medication-users (n=1,245, weighted percentage=94%, β=0.003% (95% CI, -0.042% to 0.047%)). Conclusions: Although we found a significant association between higher urinary BPA and elevated HbA1c in a pooled analysis, this was driven by data from only one NHANES cycle. Additional studies, especially with a longitudinal design, are needed to further elucidate the association between BPA and HbA1c and type-2 diabetes.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic compound with structural similarities to the hormone 17β-estradiol. BPA is a major component of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, which are used in the production of plastic containers, metal can linings, dental sealants, thermal receipt paper and household paper products. Incomplete polymerization of BPA as well as exposure to high temperatures and acidic or basic conditions can cause BPA monomers to leach from these products. Therefore, most people are exposed to BPA and levels have been quantified in human urine, blood, saliva, amniotic fluid, placental tissue, colostrum and breast milk. BPA is a weak estrogen and is considered a potential endocrine disrupting compound in humans. Initially it was thought that BPA was rapidly conjugated and excreted from the body. However, free BPA has been detected in human samples indicating that humans are internally exposed to estrogenically active BPA. The length of time that free BPA remains in circulation in the body and the extent to which it accumulates in tissues, such as the breast, is unknown. Given the known sources of BPA exposure, it is likely that lifestyle habits lead to varying levels of BPA exposure. Repeated use of products that contain or are packaged in materials with a high BPA content can lead to higher exposure rates. The same lifestyle choices resulting in high BPA exposure may also lead to high body mass index (BMI); for example, frequent consumption of carbonated soft drinks is associated with a high BMI in women and these beverages are often packaged in plastic bottles or metal cans that may contain BPA. Two recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between BPA levels in urine and obesity in adults and children. Because of the difficulty in measuring BPA in a complex fatty matrix such as milk, few studies have reported on BPA levels in breast milk, and none have examined the relationship between BMI and BPA. In the present study we optimized a sensitive method for assessing free BPA in breast milk and determined whether the levels of BPA were related to characteristics including age, race, BMI, child's age, and number of children nursed. BPA was separated from breast milk samples from 21 nursing women in the U.S. by solid-phase extraction and subsequently analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS. Free BPA was detected in 71% (15/21) of the breast milk samples. The method detection limit in water was determined to be 0.11 ng/mL. Free BPA concentrations were detected ranging from below the method detection limit to 10.81 ng/mL (median 0.49, mean 3.06, SD 3.85 ng/mL). No statistical difference in BPA concentrations was observed between women with a low BMI (&amp;lt; 21.00, n = 10) and a high BMI (&amp;gt; 27.00, n = 11). However, there was a significant association between BPA concentration and race. Caucasian women (n = 14) had significantly higher levels of free BPA in their breast milk than non-Caucasian women (n = 7) (Two-tailed test: t = 2.54, p &amp;lt; 0.05). Citation Format: Stephanie M. Zimmers, Eva P. Browne, Patrick O'Keefe, Douglas L. Anderton, David A. Reckhow, Kathleen F. Arcaro. Determination of free bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations in breast milk of U.S. women using a sensitive LC/MS/MS method. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2520. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2520

Does anti-inflammatory diet mitigate the deleterious effect of bisphenol A on mortality in US adults? Results from NHANES 2003–2016