Abstract
Background: The prevalence of leprosy continues to increase, especially in Indonesia, which is one of the endemic areas of leprosy. One cytokine that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of leprosy is IL-10. Mutations in the gene could cause changes in IL-10 gene expression. One of the most common polymorphisms associated with the IL-10 gene is −819 C/T polymorphism, which is could affect the production of IL-10, and thus influence the process of microbial elimination in the development of leprosy. Objective: To determine the association of −819 C/T interleukin-10 promoter gene polymorphism in leprosy patients treated at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Method: This study was an analytic observational study with a case–control design. Blood from patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria was taken through venous puncture and stored in EDTA tubes. DNA isolation was carried out with a DNA blood mini kit (QIAamp) and stored at −20 °C. Polymorphism of −819 C/T interleukin-10 promoter gene was measured by PCR-RFLP method, electrophoresis, and visualized under UV light. Results: In the case group, TT genotype frequency distribution was 21%, CT was 22%, and CC was 7%. In the control group, TT genotype frequency distribution was 28%, CT was 18%, and CC was 4%. In the case group, the allele T frequency distribution was 32% and C allele was 18%. In the control group, the T allele frequency distribution was 37% and C allele was 13%. Conclusion: There is no significant association of −819 C/T Interleukin-10 promoter gene polymorphism with susceptibility to leprosy, both in terms of genotypes and alleles of these genes.
Highlights
Leprosy is a disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an intracytoplasmic parasite of macrophages and Schwann cells, which primarily affects skin and peripheral nerves leading to nerve damage and the development of disabilities.[1]
There is no significant association of −819 C/T Interleukin-10 promoter gene polymorphism with susceptibility to leprosy, both in terms of genotypes and alleles of these genes
The aim of this study is to analyze the association of −819 C/T interleukin-10 promoter gene polymorphism with susceptibility of leprosy in Dr Mohammad Hoesin Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia
Summary
Leprosy is a disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an intracytoplasmic parasite of macrophages and Schwann cells, which primarily affects skin and peripheral nerves leading to nerve damage and the development of disabilities.[1]. The tuberculoid form is the result of high cell-mediated immunity with a largely Th1-type immune response, while the lepromatous form is characterized by low cell-mediated immunity with a humoral Th2 response.[1] Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is one of the cytokines that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of leprosy. It is an important pleiotropic immunoregulatory cytokine mainly secreted by macrophages, and by T helper lymphocytes, dendritic cells, cytotoxic T cells, B lymphocytes, monocytes and mast cells.[6] Antibody secretion and inflammation can be regulated through exhibition of important immunomodulatory activity by interleukin-10.7 It enhances B-cell survival, proliferation, and antibody production, and downregulates the expression of T helper 1 cytokines, major histocompatibility complex class II antigens, and costimulatory molecules on macrophages.[8]
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