Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association among self-evaluations—such as self-esteem and self-efficacy—self report of depression, and perceived stress among Korean individuals with disabilities. Data from the second wave of the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (collected from 2016–2018) were used. In 2016 and the follow-up in 2018, 4,033 participants were included. We estimated the annual change in both independent variables and the probability of self-report of depression and stress. Generalized estimating equation model and chi-square test were used. Compared with those whose self-esteem and self-efficacy scores were ≥30, those with scores ≤19 were, respectively, 5.825 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 4.235–8.011; p < .0001) and 1.494 times (95% CI: 1.233–1.810; p < .0001) more likely to have self-report of depression. The perceived stress of those with self-esteem scores ≤19 or ranging from 20–24 were, respectively, 2.036 (95% CI: 1.510–2.747; p < .0001) and 1.451 times higher (95% CI: 1.269–1.659; p < .0001) than those with self-esteem scores ≥30. There exists an inverse correlation between self-evaluations, such as self-efficacy and self-esteem, and mental health in people with disabilities. The results of this study can be used as a basis for developing interventional strategies and training and intervention programs for people with disabilities. Future research is needed to investigate potential mediating factors among Korean individuals.
Highlights
Given an aging population, the number of people with disabilities has increased globally in recent decades [1]
In South Korea, registered individuals with disabilities accounted for 2.4% of the total population in 2001; this gradually increased to 4.9% in 2016
The Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED) only allowed the head of the household or the legal guardian to reply if an intellectual disability or mental disorder limited direct communication
Summary
The number of people with disabilities has increased globally in recent decades [1]. In South Korea, registered individuals with disabilities accounted for 2.4% of the total population in 2001; this gradually increased to 4.9% in 2016. The reason for this increase is thought to be a change in the demographic structure. Since 2013, more than 40% of registered individuals with disabilities in Korea are 65 years old or older [2]. People with physical or mental disabilities face many health issues, such as psychosocial stress [3] and symptoms of depression [4]
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