Abstract
The risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (Met-S) including hypertension, hyperglycemia, central obesity, and dyslipidemia are preventable, particularly at their early stage. There are limited data available on the association between Met-S and preventable risk factors in young adults. We randomly selected 2,010 Saudis aged 18–30 years, who applied to be recruited in military colleges. All the procedures followed the guidelines of International Diabetes Federation. The results showed that out of 2,010 subjects, 4088 were affected with Met-S. The commonest risk factors were high blood sugar (63.6%), high systolic and diastolic blood pressures (63.3 and 37.3%), and high body mass index (57.5%). The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes were 55.2 and 8.4%, respectively. Obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia were significantly associated with Met-S. The frequency of smoking was significantly linked with the development of Met-S. The prevalence of Met-S was found to be significantly higher in individuals with sedentary lifestyle. In conclusion, the results of this study clearly indicate that military recruits, who represent healthy young adults, are also prone to Met-S. The findings of this study will help in designing preventive measures as well as public awareness programs for controlling the high prevalence of Met-S in young adults.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (Met-S) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1] and type-2 diabetes [2]
We studied the association between Met-S and preventable risk factors including the body weight, PA, smoking, and dietary habits
There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Met-S among those subjects who were involved in moderate physical activity (MPA) compared to those who were not involved in MPA (Figure 3)
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (Met-S) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1] and type-2 diabetes [2]. This syndrome is defined as a cluster of risk factors that typically include central obesity, elevated blood pressure (BP), impaired glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia. There are multiple risk factors associated with CVD such as behavioral factors (smoking, diet, physical activity [PA], alcohol consumption), physiological factors (blood cholesterol, hypertension, blood glucose, body mass index [BMI]), and metabolic disorders [4]. There are limited data about the role of preventable risk factors for the development of Met-S in young adults, in military personnel. We studied the association between Met-S and preventable risk factors including the body weight, PA, smoking, and dietary habits.
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