Abstract
The article presents the results of experimental data characterizing the yield and quality of double-spore champignon mushrooms obtained by their cultivation on the substrate with the use of organic additives of plant and animal origin - waste of food and processing industries: sunflower husks, meat and buckwheat meal and coarse grains. The yield of mushrooms is estimated by periods of substrate preparation (winter and summer) and fruit-bearing waves. Higher yield of mushrooms of mushrooms of double-spore champignon was obtained on the substrate prepared in summer for two waves of fruiting. Assessment of the quality of mushrooms involved studying the content of protein, fiber, fat and ash elements (potassium, phosphorus, calcium, sodium and magnesium). The results show that sunflower husk and meat and bone meal are the best organic additives that not only increase the yield of mushrooms, but also their quality. The study shows that the quality of mushrooms obtained in the second wave is significantly higher than the quality of mushrooms obtained in the previous wave. Positive is the fact that the use of organic waste in industrial mushroom production contributes to the efficient management of, as a rule, little used by-products of food and processing industries.
Highlights
IntroductionCultivation of cultivated mushrooms attracts special attention of producers of agricultural products, because on the one hand it allows to receive additional income, and on the other hand - to utilize by-products of agriculture [1, 2].Industrial production of mushrooms in Russia started relatively recently, the rate of increase in production potential is impressive.Studies have shown that the availability of compost raw materials, the use of intensive technologies aimed at reducing the time of substrate growth and distillation of fruit bodies are the main reserves for growth in the production of mushroom products [3, 4].In addition, the food industry processing agricultural raw materials discharges waste containing organic (free) matter into the environment [5,6,7].Taking into account the environmental aspect and high raw material value of these wastes, the issues of development of methods for their full utilization in order to further useful use are very relevant.The purpose of this study is to study the influence of the type and method of application of organic additives of plant and animal origin on the yield and quality of mushrooms of mushrooms of double-spore
Studies have shown that the availability of compost raw materials, the use of intensive technologies aimed at reducing the time of substrate growth and distillation of fruit bodies are the main reserves for growth in the production of mushroom products [3, 4]
The purpose of this study is to study the influence of the type and method of application of organic additives of plant and animal origin on the yield and quality of mushrooms of mushrooms of double-spore
Summary
Cultivation of cultivated mushrooms attracts special attention of producers of agricultural products, because on the one hand it allows to receive additional income, and on the other hand - to utilize by-products of agriculture [1, 2].Industrial production of mushrooms in Russia started relatively recently, the rate of increase in production potential is impressive.Studies have shown that the availability of compost raw materials, the use of intensive technologies aimed at reducing the time of substrate growth and distillation of fruit bodies are the main reserves for growth in the production of mushroom products [3, 4].In addition, the food industry processing agricultural raw materials discharges waste containing organic (free) matter into the environment [5,6,7].Taking into account the environmental aspect and high raw material value of these wastes, the issues of development of methods for their full utilization in order to further useful use are very relevant.The purpose of this study is to study the influence of the type and method of application of organic additives of plant and animal origin on the yield and quality of mushrooms of mushrooms of double-spore. Industrial production of mushrooms in Russia started relatively recently, the rate of increase in production potential is impressive. The food industry processing agricultural raw materials discharges waste containing organic (free) matter into the environment [5,6,7]. Taking into account the environmental aspect and high raw material value of these wastes, the issues of development of methods for their full utilization in order to further useful use are very relevant. The purpose of this study is to study the influence of the type and method of application of organic additives of plant and animal origin on the yield and quality of mushrooms of mushrooms of double-spore
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