Abstract
The habitants of Sofia, the capital city of Bulgaria, are unfortunately exposed to high levels of particulate matter (PM), despite a lot of efforts made by the government and the municipality in recent decades. A high resolution model using the Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling System (ADMS)-Urban was carried out for one year (2014) with elevated levels of PM concentration for the Sofia region measured during the winter. Four main emission sources (point industrial, domestic heating, roads, and unorganized transport) were taken into account for this study. This works intends to evaluate the impacts of different sources on the air pollution and quality of life in Sofia city. Although this type of modeling only accounts for the local sources, and has some deficiency, it can be a very useful tool for estimating the contribution of each source type to the concentration field, and it allows simulating different scenarios for future emission reduction that can help authorities with decision making.
Highlights
Air pollution is currently the most important environmental risk to human health, and it is perceived as the second largest environmental concern for Europeans, after climate change [1]
We used only two levels for this study as we investigate oAnslsyescsomnecnetnotfrtahteioCnonitnribthuteiosnuorfaDcieffberoeuntnPdaarrtiycullaayteeMr. aAttellr dSoifufrecreesnotntyPpolelustioofnsionuSrocfeias—point (Cinitdyustrial stacks), roads, domestic heating, and unorganized transport are mapped into tRheenseetaleDctiemditrdoovma aanidn.Margret Velizarova
There are no observations for PAH from the air quality stations (AQSs), only handmade measurements are available with a lot of missing data, and due to this reason validation is not presented for this pollutant
Summary
Air pollution is currently the most important environmental risk to human health, and it is perceived as the second largest environmental concern for Europeans, after climate change [1]. Air pollution is a major cause of premature death and disease and is the single largest environmental health risk in Europe [8]. Estimates of the health impact of exposure to air pollution indicate that long-term exposure to PM2.5 was responsible for approximately 417,000 premature deaths, the estimated impact attributable to the population exposure to NO2 was around 55,000 premature deaths, and exposure to groundlevel O3 is estimated to have caused 20,600 premature deaths in Europe in 2018 [6]
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