Assessment of quality of life and cognitive dysfunction among patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Abstract

Introduction Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with high mortality, disability and morbidity. Studies demonstrated mixed results on effects of depression treatments on quality of life (QOL).ObjectivesTo evaluate the severity of depression among Jordanian patients diagnosed with MDD before and after treatment and to find any relationship between QOL, depression severity and perceived cognitive dysfunction.MethodsPatients from both genders, 18-65 years old and diagnosed with MDD were included to attend two visits; at baseline and 6 weeks after treatment, in each they completed three questionnaires: Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression severity, patient-rated Perceived Deficit Questionnaire (PDQ-5) for cognitive function, and World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) format.ResultsA total of 92 patients completed the study. The scores of the different questionnaires and their correlations before and after treatment are presented in tables 1 and 2. Correlations between PHQ-9 and PDQ-5 before and after treatment are illustrated in figs 1 and 2, respectively. Table 1:Total scores for WHOQOL-BREF format, PDQ-5 and PHQ-9, before and after treatmentQuestionnaireBeforeAfterP-valueGeneral quality of life2.5±13.5±0.7<0.0001General health satisfaction2.3±13.4±0.9<0.0001Physical health (Domain 1)10±2.613.9±2.6<0.0001Psychological (Domain 2)8±2.312.6±2.3<0.0001Social relationships (Domain 3)9±3.212.8±2.8<0.0001Environment (Domain 4)12.3±314.4±7.50.0003Patient-rated Perceived Deficit 5 (PDQ-5)13±4.47.2±4<0.0001Patient health questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9)19±5.47.1±5.1<0.0001Values are presented as mean±SD. Analysis: Paired t test. P<0.05 is significant.Table 2:Correlations between total scores for all of the domains for WHOQOL-BREF and PDQ-5, and between WHOQOL-BREF and PHQ-9, before and after treatmentDomains/FacetsPatient-rated Perceived Deficit 5 (PDQ-5)Patient health questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9)Before (r, p)After (r, p)Before (r, p)After (r, p)General quality of life-0.38, 0.0001-0.26, 0.01-0.55, <0.0001-0.49, <0.0001General health satisfaction-0.24, 0.02-0.14, 0.2-0.51, <0.0001-0.48, <0.0001Physical health (Domain 1)-0.37, 0.0003-0.50, <0.0001-0.57, <0.0001-0.76, <0.0001Psychological (Domain 2)-0.46, <0.0001-0.43, <0.0001-0.58, <0.0001-0.68, <0.0001Social relationships (Domain 3-0.37, 0.0002-0.37, 0.0002-0.42, <0.0001-0.40, <0.0001Environment (Domain 4)-0.52, <0.0001-0.21, 0.047-0.36, 0.0004-0.12, 0.2Spearman correlation (r); P<0.05 is significant. WHOQOL: World Health Organization Quality of Life.Image:Image 2:ConclusionsSignificant improvements were found in the symptoms of depression, cognition and QOL in patients with MDD after treatment. Depression severity significantly inversely correlated with QOL and cognition of MDD patients.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared