Abstract
Iran is known as one of the origins of olive in the world with many different olive cultivars, mainly in the north. Eighty eight accessions belong to 4 main olive cultivars were investigated by 21 morphological characters and 11 ISSR markers. Analyses of morphological characters revealed the existence of high genetic variability among cultivars. Based on both morphological and ISSR cluster analyses, 88 accessions were grouped in five distinct clusters. The ISSR primers produced 77 polymorphic bands. AMOVA showed significant difference in both between and within olive cultivars. The highest and lowest coefficient of Nei’s genetic distance was observed in ‘Mari’ and ‘Shengeh’ (0.105) and ‘Zard’ and ‘Rowghani’ (0.061), respectively. In both morphological and ISSR data analyses, ‘Mari’ showed the highest homogeneity. The olive cultivars were not clustered based on their geographical origin.
Highlights
The olive (Olea europaea L.) is an economically important fruit crop of the Mediterranean basin (Rao et al, 2009)
The ability to discriminate olive cultivars to estimate genetic variability is an important factor for a better management of genetic resources and successful breeding programs (Milotić et al, 2005)
The morphological characters are strongly affected by environmental conditions, the age of trees, the training systems, and the phenological stage of plants, the morphological approach continues to be the initial main step for description and classification of olive germplasm (Rotondi and Magli, 1999)
Summary
The olive (Olea europaea L.) is an economically important fruit crop of the Mediterranean basin (Rao et al, 2009). A large number of olive accessions are growing in Iran; many workers have reported on morphological or molecular characteristics of these accessions (Samaee et al, 2003; Hosseini-Mazinani et al, 2004, Omrani-Sabbaghi et al, 2007; Sheidai et al, 2007; Noormohammadi et al, 2012; Dastkar et al, 2013). More comprehensive studies using reliable markers are needed to gain a better understanding of the level and distribution of genetic diversity in olive cultivars. The goal of this study is characterizing main Iranian olive cultivar in two provinces of Gilan and Zanjan by the use of ISSR markers and morphological characteristics
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