Abstract
Rural communities usually are poorly covered by basic services, including water supply services (WSSs). Within this context, community management of water is a promising alternative to address this issue, with many successes all over the world. This approach also contributes to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6, which intends to universalize water access. This paper evaluates the WSSs provided by eleven rural community organizations from Espírito Santo, Brazil. All of those participate in the sanitation program “Pró-Rural” created by Cesan (Companhia Espiritosantense de Saneamento), the state water concessionaire, to reach small-sized rural settlements. For this purpose, Siasar was used, an informational tool that enables the identification of elements in the rural water supply systems (RWSSs) that can enhance or hinder their performance. The results verified that the communities were able to maintain a satisfactory level of quality of the WSSs, although there were perceptible fragilities regarding the distance between internal (communities and service providers) and external (technical assistance providers) actors that can decrease the quality of the WSS or even lead to its interruption if not addressed.
Highlights
The classification of which is affected by the water systems and the service providers, about 54% achieved a “B” classification. 27% percent of the communities obtained an “A” classification
This chapter is included in order to evaluate the results found by the Siasar tool in light of other papers that considered community water supply management
Even though the Siasar tool allocated high classifications to this actor, there are still adjustments which could provide major improvements to the quality of service. Those adjustments are linked to needs of refurbishment, rebuilding and major repairs, which realization is hindered or even infeasible due to budget deficits and low-skilled operators, factors that reflect disorders related to the service provider and the technical assistance provider
Summary
Its consumption and usage for daily tasks and for personal hygiene require basic treatment in order to maintain safety. Different papers report several waterborne diseases in regions where drinking water standards are not reached (Jalan and Ravallion, 2003; UNICEF and WHO, 2009; Grigg, 2018). It was verified that diseases related to water pollution are the major cause of death in the world, and more than half of hospital beds host people suffering from these (Hunter et al, 2010; Palacio, 2009). Concerns regarding safe drinking water provision and access arise. International efforts have been attempted to address this issue, such as the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), supplanted in 2015 by the SDGs. The sixth objective (SDG 6), intends to ensure access to drinkable water and sanitation for all by 2030, and target 6.1 addresses access to drinkable water (United Nations, 2018)
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