Assessment of Anthropogenic Ecological Systems in the Apold Depression to a Sustainable Management

The management of natural resources has become a crucial agenda item at the community level of every country, due to the importance of a community’s direct involvement in the stewardship of these resources. The sustainable management of natural resources is not easy without the involvement of the community. To know the attitudes of residents in the communities in close proximity to Central Karakoram National Park (CKNP) towards natural resource sustainable management policy, a study of CKNP in northern Pakistan was conducted. This is the first community study for this park. It is difficult to overstate the economic and geographic importance of this national resource to the Pakistani people at local and national levels, as well as at the international level. This is the world’s highest public park; as a natural resource it is not only important to the local community, it also has great relevance internationally. The study attempted to gauge the attitudes of the local community towards the sustainable management practices of CKNP. The results of this study showed generally positive attitudes towards the park. The majority of respondents revealed that the park’s primary appeal is its geographic location. Households were afraid that pollution in the park will gradually destroy the park’s natural resources. For sustainable management of the CKNP, community members expressed willingness to contribute to the betterment of park through volunteerism. Community members praised the government’s supportive actions, including budgetary support and public-awareness campaigns. As such, the positive attitude of the community towards the CKNP also revealed new insights for the community-centered sustainable management of natural resources in developing countries. This study also provides a research gap for future work relating to the sustainable management of community-based natural resources to consider more factors beside the factors used in this study.

The success of Memoir 14 and the worldwide interest shown for data on giant fields prompted AAPG to schedule a symposium on giant fields at the end of each subsequent decade. The 1968-78 symposium was held in Houston, Texas, April 1-4, 1979, and the papers were published in AAPG Memoir 30, December 1980.The Stavanger Conference "Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade: 1978-1988" was held in Stavanger, Norway, September 9-12, 1990, and is a continuation of the Giants of the Decade series.Scientific studies and projections of future world energy demand indicate that although alternative-energy fuel sources must be actively pursued and developed, there also must be adequate petroleum supplies to bridge the gap. For the international petroleum industry, the years covered by this conference, 1978-88, were complex. They were years of boom and bust. The world's energy consciousness was boosted sharply by the effects of the 1979 Iranian revolution and the resulting embargo, which sent world oil prices to record heights. Global petroleum exploration soon surged, leading to the industry's all-time drilling high in 1981. Then came the oil price collapse in 1985, and the following years were characterized by falling oil prices and drastic budget cuts for exploration and development.Although exploration dropped sharply during the latter part of the decade, there was a steady flow of giant oil and gas field discoveries. Using the giant field designation criteria of 500 million bbl of oil recoverable for fields in Asiatic Russia, North Africa, and the Middle East,

In addition to the Budapest Museum of Applied Arts and the Esterházy castle in Fraknó (Burg Forchtenstein), the collection of medals and coins as well as goldsmith's works at the Hungarian National Museum also has a small ensemble of treasures from the Esterházy collection: 308 coins and medals and 17–19th century goldsmith's works and textiles. The stock of metalwork from the early modern age also includes three pieces of parchment of different sizes with Latin inscription in 17th century script. As they survive in Esterházy possession, it is logical to try to trace them to the Fraknó treasury. When in 1725 the inventory of the treasury was taken, the information on the – real or assumed – owners, donators of earlier times was gleaned from “annexed slips” which the parchment pieces in the National Museum are thought to be like. It can almost be taken for certain that the three slips of parchment in the museum used to be the labels of items 16–17 in cabinet no. 51/52 and item 37 in cabinet 54/55. The question is whether the fragmentary inscriptions can be paired with extant objects. The first object that can be identified is the rosary of John III Sobiesky, the third is the rosary of Leopold I, king of Hungary and holy Roman emperor, given by Pope Innocent XI to the ruler. The dolman and gown allegedly worn by Leopold I for his coronation as king of Hungary in Pozsony in 1655 were also kept in Fraknó. Aslip of parchment sewn into the mantle contained the story of the object. István Báthory's miniature portrait in wax relief is still kept by the family at Fraknó. A fork and spoon with coral handles and a rosary of coral beads also once owned by Báthory are now in the collection of the Museum of Applied Arts. Research identifies items in the 1696 and 1725 inventories with the latter object. Consequently the second parchment slip used to indicate this rosary in times of yore. Though no contemporaneous labels survive, another two rosaries' former owners can be identified on the basis of the 1725 inventory. A rosary of gold filigree beads might be identical with Pál Esterházy's one-time rosary entered into the 1725 list as item no. 25. The list also helps identify palatine Miklós Esterházy's rosary now in the National Museum. It consists of a string of large lapis lazuli beads, with a possibly later cross hanging from a tassel of metal threads at one end. In the 1696 inventory there is a list of the contents of a grey cabinet in the first room of the “new” treasury of Fraknó, the one created upon Pál Esterházy's order. It contains a rosary ex succino nigro, that is, of dark amber which is perhaps identical with one in the collection of the National Museum. Compared to 1696, the inventory of 1725 shows a conceptually far more organized treasury reflecting the final arrangement by Pál Esterházy. The contents of the cabinets, the grouping of the objects had been changed to create almost “profile-centric” units. Until the turn of the 17–18th century the objects of treasuries and collections were not labelled unless their material value was highlighted. The Fraknó labels are more closely related to the slips put into the medieval reliquaries. The majority of objects marked with parchment slips were also “relics” in Pál Esterházy's treasury. The treasures of Miklós Esterházy were still stored in chests and cases as the 1645 list reveals. The transformation that the inventory of 1696 reveals is similar to the metamorphosis of the collections of relics by the 15th century. The motor was the collector himself in the background, here Pál Esterházy, although this process can also be retraced in Esterházy's brother-in-law Ferenc Nádasdy's Sárvár treasury. The collecting activity of both Esterházy and Nádasdy is simultaneously characterized by the successful integration of archaic traits and most up-to-date representative forms.

Sustainable forest management aims to maintain and enhance the economic, social and environmental value of all types of forests, for the benefit of present and future generations. In Swaziland, despite the existence of numerous local, national, regional and international policies and legislation, sustainable forest management is far fetched. The objective of this paper was to review previous studies on policy reviews, the current status of the non-timber forest products (NTFP) sector, community consultations on resource use and management, user surveys to determine the actual quantities of harvested and utilized edible and medicinal NTFPs, and economic analyses for their direct use value, and inventory and economic valuation of standing stock of various NTFPs. Ulimatelty, this paper has made policy recommendations for the development of a theoretical framework for the sustainable management of NTFPs at the local, national, regional and international levels. This theoretical framework is divided into a set of eleven strategies. These are: Information and social communication; secure rights and access to products from natural forests and woodlands; adoption of innovative policies, revising and updating legislation and elaborating national forestry programmes; development and implementation of national level criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management; project planning and control techniques; local level guidelines for sustainable NTFP management; conservation and financing mechanisms; collaboration and networking between all institutions involved in research and development of NTFPs; institutional strengthening and capacity building; education and training at all levels of community structures; and research and development. Key words: Non-timber forest products (NTFPs), policy, strategy, policies, legislation, economic valuation, sustainable management, assessment, sustainable resource use.

The development of gas chromatography has accelerated research activity in the field of essential oils. Thus, after the introduction of this technique there has been almost an exponential increase in the rate of publication of papers concerned with the chemical composition of essential oils. The vast majority of these studies was conducted on oils obtained from the plant material by means of distillation. Thus far little attention has been attributed to the influence of this method of isolation on the composition of the oils. For instance, isomerization and saponification of the more labile compounds may take place depending upon distillation conditions. In consequence, the results of GC analysis will not present the actual composition of the oil in the living plant, but only the chemical composition of the isolated product. In studies on the influence of seasonal variation or geographical location on plant constituents any transformation due to the distillation method may have serious implications upon the ultimate conclusions. Nevertheless, information on this part of isolation procedures is scattered and generally buried under other results. Although some data may be derived from a review on production and quality control of essential oils by Garnero (2), it appears that no systematic examination on this important feature has been undertaken.

The article comprehensively examines the current factors and conditions under which sustainable management of natural resources can use functional tools aimed at maintaining the biodiversity of Ukraine’s forest ecosystems under prolonged climate change and anthropogenic pressure. The leading approaches to forest ecosystem management aimed at ensuring high environmental sustainability and socio-economic efficiency of resource provision have been studied and identified. The purpose of the research is to develop conceptual foundations of sustainable natural resource management for supporting the biodiversity of Ukraine’s forest ecosystems and to propose strategies for their practical implementation. The study is based on statistical data from the State Forest Resources Agency of Ukraine, digital satellite images, and GIS technologies for mapping of forested areas within Cherkasy region. An integrated management model has been developed that combines biodiversity monitoring, sustainable forestry, and community involvement, along with strategies development for biodiversity enhancement, including the expansion of protected areas, adaptation to climate change, and certification of forest stands across Ukraine. It was proposed to create an open-access GIS platform for decision-making that takes into account species richness thresholds and uniformity indices. A sustainable management model for fact-checking forest resources has been developed, promoting the introduction of selective logging practices, the expansion of protected areas, and the autonomy of local communities in forest management. A set of strategic approaches to the conservation and restoration of biodiversity in Ukraine's forest ecosystems has been proposed. The testing of forest management models with local communities to strengthen the legitimacy of environmental decisions and develop ecotourism within forest areas has been further developed. Key words: natural resources, forest ecosystems, biodiversity, flora, forest fauna, protected areas, forest ecology, sustainable nature management.

Opportunities for REDD+ to minimise forest carbon emissions and mitigate climate change in Southeast Asia

The disease management strategy represents an important contribution to the sustainability of the farming systems. Plant disease management attempts to maintain disease levels below economic thresholds because complete elimination of disease is unnecessary and may result in unacceptable costs, labour and environmental impacts. Integrated disease management intends to manage plant diseases by assembling complementary approaches, depending on the pathosystem involved, the geographical location and the pedoclimatic conditions. The current chapter provides several examples of sustainable disease management, with particular reference to the control of soilborne diseases of vegetable and ornamentals crops. Healthy soils are fundamental to sustainable disease management. Most practices designed to improve soil health, such as organic matter supplementation also help to suppress the disease development. The use of healthy or treated propagation material is an effective tool to prevent native or alien pathogens. Chemical control with fumigants and fungicides should be considered when other approaches do not achieve the required pathogen control. Rapid and reliable diagnostic methods allow a rational and efficient choice of the management options. Decision support systems should be developed through forecasting models. The choice of the appropriate plant disease management strategy should not only integrate the impact on the soil and crop health, but also on the agricultural and non-agricultural environments, the natural resources, and human health. Economic, social, legislative and political issues should be considered together with regional, national and international regulations.

In Azerbaijan, since the earliest times, the Caspian Sea has contributed to the Received in revised form: 07.10.2021 settlement of population and structure of the economy. The favourable natural geographical conditions of the coasts, exploitation of offshore oil and gas fields and rich tourist-recreational potential favoured the economy of Azerbaijan significantly. However, sea-level fluctuations and environmental damage observed due to exploitation of natural resources served as curbing factor in the development. In modern times, planning of residential areas in the coastal areas, improvement of industrial, agricultural and tourism infrastructure, and successful management of the ecological situation are achievable through effective use of the natural resources and human potential of the Caspian Sea. The coastal region of the Caspian Sea, composed of three zones, is favourable for the development of Azerbaijan’s economy. Theattractiveness of coastal areas is related mainly to preferences of natural conditions and resources and the advantages of their transport- geographical location. As a result, the development level of the economy of the Pre-Caspian region is higher compared to other regions of the country. The region accounts for 88.7 % of the total industrial output in the country. The main part of it, i. e. 95.7 % is shared by the city of Baku. The cause of significant difference in development level between the regions and the capital Baku is associated with the use of oil and gas resources of the Caspian. Thus, offshore oil and gas reserves in the Caspian have played a notable role in the development of coastal areas, and of the country’s whole economy. This has led to inequality in terms of regional development. This factor prompted the need to study the role of the use of resources of the Caspian Sea in the sustainable development of Azerbaijan’s economy. In order to achieve the goal, a comparative analysis of the leading economic branches in the Pre-Caspian regions was carried out from a historical point of view. The obtained information was systematized, and the socio-economic aspects of sustainable development were identified based on statistical-mathematical materials. Aerospace data were used as well.

Sustainable Management is a scientific principle that forms the basis of sustainable global resource management and environmental governance to conserve and preserve natural resources.It basically focuses on scientific and technical understanding of ecology and resources with its life supporting capacity.Stakeholder participation is a tool used as a social learning process with a platform to create awareness among the stakeholders in context of the proper resource utilization of a particular area.Moreover the participation of the stakeholders in terms of resource utilization is very recent tool in handling natural resource management.This paper examines the extent of stakeholder participation in the sustainable management of Chilika Lagoon.Around six hundred individuals were randomly selected for the study.The information was collected on the basis of a set of questionnaire having closed ended as well as open ones.This paper concluded that there was very little involvement of the stakeholders in the decision making for the conservation of the lagoon.But their interest in the resource utilization of the lagoon seems to be very high in terms of dependency.They also wanted to have a major stake in planning of the resources as they feel that the expertise lies with them.The use of resources is much of concern among the stakeholders who actually want to have a bigger role in decision making of the lagoon to maximize their profit from Chilika.To ensure the sustainable management process it can be said that there is a scope of broadening the base of interests groups in the decision making process of Chilika lagoon for its conservational aspects.

ABSTRACTAfter many errant attempts, the first Copernican revolution finally placed planet earth in its correct astrophysical context. A second Copernican revolution is underway that places humanity in its appropriate environmental nexus. The future well‐being of humanity is inexorably linked to our understanding of the natural world and to its sustainable management. This science‐backed concept is profound, with great implications for agriculture and natural resources management and their related enterprises and institutions. Agriculture and managed renewable natural resources account for >90% of the nation's terrestrial ecosystems. The management and stewardship of these vast ecosystems along with the ecological goods and services derived therefrom are huge and noble responsibilities. They need to be proclaimed more forcefully. Natural resources management and ecosystem stewardship must be ecology‐based, including the human dimensions of ecosystem manipulation and natural resource use. Until economic systems recognize the value of environmental investments and marketability of ecological services, adoption of sustainable ecosystem management will be short‐circuited by rational economic decision‐making under current economic systems and personal values on the part of those responsible for managing these lands. A variety of forces are driving sustainable ecosystem management, including science, environmental monitoring, valuation of nature's services, consumer demands, education, and others.

Background Vancouver is located in a generally low-radon hazard zone. However, other parts of British Columbia such as the BC Interior or Northern BC are classified as high-radon hazard zone (or zone 1) due to the geological composition of rocks and soils in those areas. Despite the significant health risks associated with radon gas exposure, many BC residents and people across Canada have little to no knowledge regarding the topic. Since Post-secondary schools, such as the British Columbia Institute of Technology (BCIT), are places where knowledge is distributed and shared to our societies, it is important to assess students’ general knowledge background regarding radon gas. The result can then be extrapolated to the general populations. Methods An electronic survey was conducted to determine whether students in the six schools at BCIT have different background knowledge level regarding radon gas. The survey also determines students’ radon background knowledge based on different geographic regions they reside. The survey was conducted in-person at three main locations across BCIT’s Burnaby campus. It was administered using Google Forms and distributed to participants on Microsoft Surface 2. Results The One-way ANOVA statistical analysis result indicated that there is a significant difference in mean radon survey scores among the six various BCIT schools(p=0.009). In addition, the Tukey Test revealed that students from the School of Health Science have an average radon survey score which is significantly different when compared to students from the School of Business. However, it was found that there is no significant difference in the mean radon survey scores between the School of Business and other schools at BCIT. Nonetheless, it was evident that the School of Health Science students had relatively higher radon survey scores and thus, were more knowledgeable regarding radon gas compared to students from the other five schools. When analyzing survey scores among students residing in various geographic regions, the test showed that there is no significant difference in mean radon survey scores among BCIT students living in various geographic locations(p=0.46). Conclusion Based on the result of the study, the result showed that there is a significant difference in radon gas knowledge among BCIT students who majored in different schools. The School of Health Science students were more knowledgeable regarding the topic of radon gas compared to students in other schools. Nonetheless, all BCIT students achieved an average radon survey score of less than five out of ten, which was considered a failure score (Less than five out of ten). This showed that most BCIT students had very limited knowledge regarding radon gas and there were very limited amount of educational initiatives or campaigns available for students at BCIT. BCIT’s student association is recommended to create educational sessions across campus to raise student awareness regarding radon gas. At the community level, governments and various agencies such as the BC Lung Association need to work together to create radon awareness campaigns across BC and the rest of Canada. In order to get a more accurate representation of the radon gas knowledge level among people in BC, more research studies need to be conducted in other schools or general population groups.

Increased use of forest resources to meet increasing world demand for wood and other forest products threatens forest sustainability and highlights the importance of conservation and sustainable management of these resources. Maintaining well-adapted and productive forests, and conserving natural forest genetic resources are important for sustainable forest management. Over exploitation of species can lead to excessive forest fragmentation and reduction of population sizes to a point that threatens population viability and species existence. In many cases, restoration of genetic resources of threatened species is needed. Molecular genetic markers, combined with population genetic principles and concepts, can greatly facilitate programs in conservation, restoration and sustainable management of forest genetic resources. We have used various biochemical and molecular genetic markers, such as allozymes, microsatellite DNA, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and sequence-tagged site markers, to examine effects of alternative silvicultural harvesting and regeneration systems, and forest fragmentation and small population size on genetic diversity, fine-scale population genetic structure, mating system and other population genetic parameters in white spruce (Picea glauca), eastern white pine (Pinus strobus), and red spruce (Picea rubens). The objectives of our studies are to provide genetic benchmarks and indicators for developing guidelines for genetically sustainable forest management practices and scientifically sound strategies for conservation and restoration of forest genetic resources. The results of these studies are discussed, particularly in the context of sustainable management, conservation and restoration of forest genetic resources.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the key elements of the tourism development potential in Zhytomyr Polis, based on the analysis of geographical characteristics and available natural resources of the region. Research methodology. Geographical analysis for the study of geographical location, relief, climate and other natural characteristics of Zhytomyr Polissia. A cartographic method for the purpose of using maps to analyze the distribution of natural resources, tourist facilities and infrastructure. Statistical analysis for the processing and interpretation of statistical data related to tourism in the region, including the number of tourists, tourism revenues, etc. The results. It was determined that the natural resource base of the region is important for recreational activities, taking into account the favorable climatic conditions, water, forest resources and diversity of flora and fauna. The relief of Zhytomyr Polissia contributes to the diversity of climate and biotic resources, which is significant for the development of sports, health and active types of tourism. For the further development of tourism in the region, it is necessary to focus on improving the infrastructure, improving the advertising strategy, creating tourist brands, developing interactive maps and routes, as well as actively attracting the attention of the media to tourist events and projects in the region. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this study consists in a comprehensive analysis of the geographical features of Zhytomyr Polissia, its natural resources and potential for tourism development, which includes an integrated approach to the study of various aspects of the region's tourist attraction. The study offers a new perspective on the possibilities of using natural resources, geographical location and historical and cultural heritage of Zhytomyr Region in the context of tourism development. Practical significance. The article is of practical importance in determining the prospects and ways of development of the tourism and recreation sphere in Zhytomyr Polis. It points to the possibilities of using geographical location, natural and cultural resources to stimulate both domestic and international tourism. The aspects highlighted in the article can be used to plan and implement tourism projects, which will contribute to the economic development of the region. The results of the study can be used by local authorities, tourism organizations and investors to develop effective tourism development strategies, create new tourism products and improve existing ones.

Sustainable dryland practices and drought risk management are the centerpieces for sustainable management systems as well as measures to sustainable land use, particularly resilience and ecosystem services. On the other hand, sustainable development goals (SDGs) and target 15.3 provide a general guidance for environmental and socio-ecological dynamics for improving a better-coordinated approach to land management, particularly in the case of drylands. During the period 1998–2013, about one-fifth of the Earth’s land surface covered by vegetation showed persistent and declining trends in productivity, particularly in the case of Latin American countries. It is therefore key to reverse advanced stages of land degradation by sustainable land management and improving lives and livelihoods of millions of people currently under threat in the region. Paragraph 33 of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development focuses on the linkage between sustainable management of the planet’s natural resources and social and economic development as well as on strengthening “cooperation on desertification, dust storms, land degradation and drought” and promote resilience and disaster risk reduction.” In this article, we explore the relation between SDGs and their interconnections with drylands management. SDGs are considered a major instrument to combat desertification, drought, and land degradation together with climate change and the loss of biodiversity by combining and scaling up established socioeconomic principles and practices to reach SDG target 15.3 and the objectives of UNCCD for land degradation neutrality (LDN).