Abstract
The catch-maximum sustainable yield (CMSY) method and a closely-related Bayesian state-space Schaefer surplus production model (BSM) were combined with published catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) time series or spawning stock biomass (SSB) data to evaluate fisheries reference points for exploited resources of the Japan Sea. Eleven fish and invertebrate stocks were assessed; outcomes obtained through this analysis were the carrying capacity, biomass trajectory, maximum sustainable yield, and related parameters of each stock. Results showed that the stock of Japanese sandfish (Arctoscopus japonicus) was slightly overfished; the stocks of sohachi (Cleisthenes pinetorum), flathead flounder (Hippoglossoides dubius), bastard halibut (Paralichthys olivaceus) and snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) were overfished; and the stocks of shotted halibut (Eopsetta grigorjewi), yellow striped flounder (Pseudopleuronectes herzensteini), red seabream (Pagrus major), Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and deep-sea smelt (Glossanodon semifasciatus) were grossly overfished; only Alaskan pink shrimp (Pandalus eous) was in a good condition. These results are consistent with the few previous studies on the status of fish species around Japan, where overfishing is becoming increasingly apparent. These assessments provide a basis for guiding the use of fishery resources in the Japan Sea.
Highlights
Fish biomass is declining worldwide due to overexploitation and poor fisheries management (Watson and Pauly, 2001; Tremblay-Boyer et al, 2011; Watson et al, 2013), as confirmed by regional studies (Christensen et al, 2003; Liang and Pauly, 2017; Froese et al, 2018)
capturing maximum sustainable yield (CMSY) and Bayesian state-space Schaefer production model (BSM) methods were applied to the 11 stocks
The biomass trajectories generated by CMSY and BSM for the P. olivaceus (Figure 1B) agree well with the catch per unit effort (CPUE) observations
Summary
Fish biomass is declining worldwide due to overexploitation and poor fisheries management (Watson and Pauly, 2001; Tremblay-Boyer et al, 2011; Watson et al, 2013), as confirmed by regional studies (Christensen et al, 2003; Liang and Pauly, 2017; Froese et al, 2018). In order to alleviate fishing pressure and restore fishery resources, a series of management and protection measures, based on scientific stock assessments, have been implemented. More assessment methods based on sparse data need to be developed and adopted (Liu et al, 2019). The Monte Carlo method for capturing maximum sustainable yield (CMSY) developed by Froese et al (2017) and the closely related Bayesian state-space Schaefer production model (BSM) provide a new solution. These two methods use only catch data (CMSY) or catch and abundance data (BSM) to assess the status of developed fish stocks. The main advantage of BSM compared to other implementations of surplus production models is its focus on “informative priors” and the acceptance of short and incomplete catch per unit effort (CPUE; Froese et al, 2017). Froese et al (2018) successfully applied these methods to 397 European stocks to examine their current status, exploitation pattern, future catch, and profitability
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