Assessing the Efficacy of New Chemistry Insecticides against Subterranean Termite

Abstract

Termite attacks can significantly reduce crop and forest productivity by 10 to 25 percent, with traditional chemical insecticides commonly used in Pakistan. The present study, however, aimed to assess the effectiveness of ten different insecticides in controlling subterranean termites at various concentrations and time intervals. Fipronil and Chlorpyrifos were the most effective insecticides at a concentration of 125 ppm, resulting in 100% mortality rates after 24 hours of exposure, while Emamectin Benzoate had the lowest mortality rates, but gradually increased over time. All insecticides tested at a concentration of 250 ppm resulted in varying degrees of mortality rates, with Imidacloprid, Fipronil, and Bifenthrin being the most effective. At a concentration of 500 ppm, all insecticides were effective, with Imidacloprid showing the fastest onset of mortality. Similarly, all insecticides at a concentration of 1000 ppm were effective, with Fipronil being the most effective insecticide. The data suggested that some insecticides were more effective than others in controlling subterranean termites, and the duration of exposure also played a crucial role in the effectiveness of the insecticides. The study found that higher dosages of new chemistry-based termiticides result in maximum subterranean termite mortality after a minimum exposure time. Fipronil, Imidacloprid, and Bifenthrin were the most effective treatments achieving 100% termite mortality at specific dosages and exposure times, while Chlorfenapyr and Emamectin Benzoate showed lower effectiveness. The new chemistry insecticides are considered eco-friendly, safe for humans and non-target fauna, and might be a competent choice for integrated pest management programs