Abstract
The effect of three extraction methods on fucoidan heterogeneity from Ecklonia maxima, Laminaria pallida and Splachnidium rugosum were assessed. The highest fucoidan content was obtained using hot water extraction with Splachnidium rugosum containing ~5 times more L-fucose (265 ± 49.2 mg/g) than Ecklonia maxima and Laminaria pallida extracts. The salt method produced extracts free of contaminants, however the L-fucose content was >20 times lower. Acid extraction produced the highest levels of uronic acid contamination and liberated sulphate from the fucoidan polysaccharide. Compositional analyses of hot water extracts from Splachnidium rugosum and Laminaria pallida consisted largely of L-fucose, while Ecklonia maxima fucoidan was characterized by an abundance of glucose. The L-fucose ratio in crude fucoidan extracts was highest in Splachnidium rugosum (79–98%) which was comparable to the ratio determined for commercial Fucus vesiculosus (86%).
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