Abstract
Nucleocytoplasmic exchange in the cell occurs through the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). NPCs are large multiprotein complexes with octagonal symmetry about their axis and imperfect mirror symmetry about a plane parallel with the nuclear envelop (NE). NPC fuses the inner and outer nuclear membranes and opens up а channel between nucleus and cytoplasm. NPC is built of nucleoporins. Each nucleoporin occurs in at least eight copies per NPC. Inside the NPC forms a permeability barrier by which NPC can ensure fast and selectable transport of molecules from one side of nuclear membrane to another. NPC architecture is based on hierarchical principle of organization. Nucleoporins are integrated into complexes that oligomerizes into bigger octomeric high-order structures. These structures are the main components of NPC. In the first part of this work the main attention is paid to NPC structure and nucleoporins’ properties. The second part is dedicated to mechanisms of NPC assembly and disassembly at different stages of cell cycle.
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