Abstract
This work aims to a review of the role of rural elites and a critique of the use of rigid social categories. Once established the general traits that define this elite, we pass to study in a particular rural community. Comparison of judicial and notarial documentation preserved in the archive of the monastery of Nuestra Senora de Guadalupe allows to analyze the evolution experienced by this group, during the 14 th and 15 th Centuries, in the network of links between the neighbours and the Lords of Puebla. The long experience in public affairs led him to become aware of their capacity to intervene and try to reassert its autonomy. This process, on road to consolidation at the end of the 14 th , was truncated with the foundation of the monastery. Jeronimos apply a political and economic program that liquidated the capacity of the local elite to agglutinate to the rural community.
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