Abstract
Septic arthritis is a relative frequent pathology in children, with an incidence of 5.5 to 12 per 100,000 habitants, with the knee, hip and ankle being the most frequently involved joints (75% of cases). The most commonly isolated microorganism in children younger than 2 years is Haemophilus influenza type B (HiB), but the most common etiologic agent, regardless of age, is Staphylococcus aureus. Nevertheless, monoarticular arthritis could be a clinical manifestation of neoplasia, systemic diseases or trauma. A case of chronic septic arthritis in a patient under 2 years is presented, with a description of the surgical technique. A review of the literature was also performed due to it being scarcely reported worldwide.
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