Abstract
In this paper, we are focusing on comparing results obtained for polymer elements manufactured with injection molding and additive manufacturing techniques. The analysis was performed for fused deposition modeling (FDM) and single screw injection molding with regards to the standards used in thermoplastics processing technology. We argue that the cross-section structure of the sample obtained via FDM is the key factor in the fabrication of high-strength components and that the dimensions of the samples have a strong influence on the mechanical properties. Large cross-section samples, 4 × 10 mm2, with three perimeter layers and 50% infill, have lower mechanical strength than injection molded reference samples—less than 60% of the strength. However, if we reduce the cross-section dimensions down to 2 × 4 mm2, the samples will be more durable, reaching up to 110% of the tensile strength observed for the injection molded samples. In the case of large cross-section samples, strength increases with the number of contour layers, leading to an increase of up to 97% of the tensile strength value for 11 perimeter layer samples. The mechanical strength of the printed components can also be improved by using lower values of the thickness of the deposited layers.
Highlights
Additive techniques are gaining more and more attention in the manufacturing process of components and prototypes, with the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique leading in the fabrication of polymer components [1,2]
The infill density of the samples was set to 30%, 50%, 70%, 90%, and 100%, while the number of contour layers was set to 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11
For all configurations of infill volume and contour layers, five samples were prepared of each type
Summary
Additive techniques are gaining more and more attention in the manufacturing process of components and prototypes, with the FDM technique (fused deposition modeling) leading in the fabrication of polymer components [1,2]. Intensive research has been carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the elements produced with the FDM technique. These experiments aimed at assessing the influence of printout direction during the formation process to obtain the highest possible mechanical properties. The main focus of such research is to evaluate the infill density, the infill pattern, and orientation of deposited layers and their influence on the mechanical properties of 3D printed components [1,3,4]. The influence of layer height has been evaluated [5,6] To this day, these process elements are the key factor
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