Are Official Statistics Underexploited by Researchers and Policymakers? The Case of Agriculture Sector in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the effect of (1) performance on labor absorption in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. (2) investment in the absorption of labor in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. (3) agricultural sector labor wages in Indonesia. (4) jointly influence the economic performance, investment and labor wages in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. This type of research is descriptive and associative research. The type of data used is panel data for 2011-2018 in 34 provinces in Indonesia. The analysis method used is the panel data method with the selected panel regression model, namely the Fixed Effect Model (FEM.) The results of the study show that: (1) performance has a positive and significant effect on labor absorption in the agricultural sector in Indonesia (2) investment has a negative and significant effect the absorption of labor in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. (3) wages have a positive and significant effect on employment in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. Taken together, economic performance, investment and have a significant effect on employment in the agricultural sector in Indonesia.

This study examined and analyzed the effect of GDP, Agricultural Exports, Interest Rates, and Inflation on domestic investment in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. This study used time-series data from 2010 to 2019. The analytical model used was the Multiple Linear Regression Model. The results partially showed that GDP positively and significantly influenced investment in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. Meanwhile, Agricultural Exports, Interest Rates, and Inflation had no significant and negative effect on investment in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. Simultaneously, GDP, Agricultural Exports, Interest Rates, and Inflation positively and significantly influenced investment in the agricultural sector in Indonesia.

: This study aims to analyze the effect of (1) performance on labor absorption inthe agricultural sector in Indonesia. (2) investment in the absorption of labor in theagricultural sector in Indonesia. (3) agricultural sector labor wages in Indonesia. (4)jointly influence the economic performance, investment and labor wages in theagricultural sector in Indonesia. This type of research is descriptive and associativeresearch. The type of data used is panel data for 2011-2018 in 34 provinces in Indonesia.The analysis method used is the panel data method with the selected panel regressionmodel, namely the Fixed Effect Model (FEM.) The results of the study show that: (1)performance has a positive and significant effect on labor absorption in the agriculturalsector in Indonesia (2) investment has a negative and significant effect the absorption oflabor in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. (3) wages have a positive and significanteffect on employment in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. Taken together, economicperformance, investment and have a significant effect on employment in the agriculturalsector in Indonesia.Keywords: Agricultural Sector Labor Absorption, Economic Performance, Investment,Wage.

Agriculture is one of the sectors that is the main contributor to economic growth and a leading sector in Indonesia. The growth of the agricultural sector in Indonesia during 2017-2021 experienced a decline influenced by a number of factors such as agricultural sector investment, agricultural sector labor and agricultural sector government spending. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the growth of the agricultural sector in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data with multiple linear regression analysis methods of panel data for 2017-2021 with a Fixed Effect Model (FEM) approach. The results showed that the variables of agricultural sector investment and agricultural sector labor had a significant negative effect on the growth of the agricultural sector in Indonesia. Meanwhile, variable government spending in the agricultural sector has a significant positive effect on the growth of the agricultural sector.

The agricultural sector is not only influenced by the technology, but also influenced by human resources. Human resources in the agricultural sector has a very important to improve the agricultural sector in Indonesia. The agricultural sector in Indonesia is currently experiencing a phenomenon of the aging farmers that is not in balance with the regeneration of young farmers, So also many scholars agribusiness who work outside the agricultural sector. It is a serious problem for the agricultural sector in Indonesia. The purpose of this Study is to Analyze the Challenges and Prospects of Bachelor of Agribusiness in the future based on the Perceptions of Alumni of the department Agribusiness Four National University in East Java. Determination of the respondents using a Quota sampling technique by using Respondents from the Alumni of the department of Agribusiness Four National University in East Java. Four alumni of the university that made the respondents are Brawijaya University, Jember University, Trunojoyo University and National Development “Veteran” East Java University. Following analyzed data collected using analysis descriptive and presented in the form of a Table. The results of the Analysis showed that the Main Challenges Undergraduate Agribusiness is the Revolution of Industry 4.0 with the actual score 4,45 as well as the percentage of 89% and the Prospect of Bachelor of Agribusiness has an average score of 3,68 with the percentage of 73,62% to get into the good category. DOI : https://doi.org/10.33005/adv.v10i1.2556

Indonesia as one of the world’s important players in agriculture has great sustainability and innovation challenges. This paper aims to explore the practice of sustainability innovation or sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI) in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. The method used is structured search and analysis, known as a systematic review of scientific articles in the international academic database of Scopus. The qualitative analysis is performed on the articles included in the review. The results show more than 30 articles in international journals involving Indonesian scholars discussing this topic and indicating that the subject is emerging in this area. The development has mainly occurred since about 2018 to date. The top affiliates contributing to the topic came from IPB University, Center for International Forestry Research, Wageningen University and Research, and World Agroforestry Centre. Interestingly, quite a lot of funding for this research comes from abroad, such as Australia, Japan, UK, and US. This field is interdisciplinary with top 3 subject areas, including Agricultural and Biological (23.7%), Social (19.7%), and Environmental (18.4%), indicating the need for interdisciplinary collaborative efforts to develop this scientific area. This paper contributes as an initial attempt to elaborate on the sustainability innovation in the agriculture sector in Indonesia.

Based on Islamic Banking Law Article 1 paragraph 2 funding was the main activity for Islamic banking in its function as a financial intermediary and drived real sector. This study was aim to determine how much the influences of SBIS, amount of DPK, Non Performing Financing and the exchange rate of dollar against the Islamic banking financing as well as the contribution of Islamic bank financing for the agricultural sector in Indonesia by using VAR/VECM approach. VECM results indicated variables that affected agricultural financing in the short term was variable LNER and SBIS. While in the long term variable lnDPK and lnNPF statistically significant against to agricultural financing. The results of IRF showed that lnDPK, lnNPF and LNER responded positively influencing the contribution of financing on Islamic bank for the agricultural sector in Indonesia. As for The contribution of financing on Islamic bank for the agricultural sector in Indonesia, LNER gave the largest contribution to the Islamic bank financing for the agricultural sector in Indonesia, followed by the variable SBIS, lnDPK, and lnNPF. The higher value of rupiah would increase the financing by the islamic banking for Agricultural sector, as would as the lower of rate SBIS would increase the financing of islamic banking.

The agricultural sector in Indonesia is an important sector in the national economy, but its role in the formation of GRDP in most regions is starting to decline. This was followed by a decrease in the area of ​​harvested land. The purpose of this study is to see the agricultural sector which acts as the basis sector in each province in Indonesia, and to determine the effect of domestic investment in the agricultural sector, the area of ​​paddy fields, and the agricultural sector's workforce on the GRDP of the agricultural sector. The data in this study were obtained from BPS and the Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM). This study uses panel data analysis with the selected model Fixed Effect Models (FEM) with the Eviews 10 application. This study also uses the Location Quotient (LQ) method to see the role of the base sector. The results of this study indicate that the agricultural sector is the basis sector in the provinces of Aceh, North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, South Sumatra, Bengkulu, Lampung, Kep. Bangka Belitung, Central Java, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan, North Kalimantan, North Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, Gorontalo, West Sulawesi, Maluku and North Maluku. This study also found that the variable PMDN in the agricultural sector had a significant positive effect, the variable paddy field area had a significant negative effect and the agricultural sector labor variable had no significant effect on the GRDP of the agricultural sector in Indonesia.

The agricultural sector has emerged as a critical economic pillar in Indonesia. Limited research has been conducted on Indonesia's agricultural development. However, there exists a body of literature that thoroughly integrates the agricultural sector with banking and the macroeconomic environment, especially in the context of the period preceding and during the covid-19 pandemic. This study seeks to explore various factors that hinder the growth of the agricultural sector by examining specific banking and macroeconomic variables. This research employs quarterly data from 2010 to 2024 and analyzes it utilizing a multiple regression methodology. In pursuit of this objective, the analysis incorporates the growth of agriculture's GDP share relative to total GDP, the financing of agriculture alongside total time deposits in Islamic banks, the margin of Islamic banks within the agricultural sector, the relationship between agriculture's financing and GDP, as well as considerations of inflation and food prices. Empirical evidence indicates that only financial deepening (GCPGDPP) and banking intermediation (GFinPDT) have a significant impact on agricultural growth (GGDPRGDPT). An increase in financial deepening adversely affects growth. This discovery suggests that the agricultural sector in Indonesia requires enhancements in productivity, necessitating the advancement of professional managerial skills and the adoption of technology among farmers. Furthermore, considering the considerable influence of banking intermediation on agricultural growth, it is essential that financial deepening is aligned with entrepreneurial skills capable of producing high-value-added products. The study presents a significant contribution to the growth of the agricultural sector in Indonesia by highlighting the importance of enhancing banking sector financing alongside the development of improved professional managerial skills within the agricultural industry.

The most important characteristic of poverty in Indonesia is the prevalence of poverty in the agricultural sector. What is the main root of poverty in the agricultural sector in Indonesia? By analyzing the historical account of agrarian reform, the paper examined the evolution of policy toward peasant and agricultural sector in Indonesia from 1960s. It argued that the lack of peasants’ accessibility of land ownership, government reluctance to revitalize agricultural sector, as well as the failed land reform agenda have contributed toward massive poverty in Indonesian agricultural sector. The paper provided further analysis of current Indonesian policy toward agricultural sector.

Indonesia's agricultural sector significantly contributes to the country's foreign exchange earnings through agricultural product exports, including livestock, plantations, and ornamental plants. However, addressing the weaknesses in free-range chickens and other livestock is crucial to sustain population levels and meet organoleptic needs. This systematic review aims to explore appropriate technology development in the livestock and agriculture sectors, focusing on feed processing, animal husbandry management, and increased production. The review includes articles from journals, books, and theses, with data sourced from Google Scholar and Pop8win using specific keywords. The results highlight the effectiveness of appropriate technology in improving feed efficiency, labor efficiency, and production in livestock and agriculture. Consequently, further research is recommended to enhance the application of appropriate technology, contributing to the sustainable development of the agriculture sector in Indonesia. Highlights: The systematic review reveals that appropriate technology positively affects feed efficiency, labor efficiency, and production in Indonesia's livestock and agriculture sectors. The application of appropriate technology in feed processing and animal husbandry management leads to significant improvements in productivity. Addressing weaknesses through appropriate technology can contribute to the sustainable development of the agriculture sector in Indonesia.

The covid-19 pandemic has had a crucial impact on the agricultural sector in the world and in particular the agricultural sector in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to find out how the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has had an on the Indonesian agricultural sector and how the Indonesian agricultural sector can adapt to this impact. In this research, the authors used primary data from 2013 to 2022 with data from twelve ministries, institutions, and provincial governments in Indonesia. Also, the author uses secondary data that comes from articles, books, and other credible sources. The author uses an adaptive capacity approach in analyzing the development of the Indonesian agricultural sector in the era of the covid-19 pandemic. Based on the author's qualitative research analysis, the Indonesian agricultural sector can adapt well in the covid-19 pandemic era by having high resilience, as well as anticipated vulnerabilities. Also, the covid-19 pandemic has actually provided the new potential for the Indonesian agricultural sector. The author proposes five initiatives to ensure the long-term sustainability of Indonesia's agricultural sector.

Currently, Indonesia has adopted Low Carbon Development (LCD) in its Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMN) 2020-2024. One of the priority activities is agriculture, which accounts for 12.21% of total greenhouse gas emissions. The agricultural sector is the victim affected by CO2 emissions, such as degradation, shrinkage of agricultural resources, land and water, shifting planting seasons, crop failures, decreased food production due to rising air temperatures, floods, and droughts. Greenhouse gas emissions are predicted to continue to increase along with the increasing demand for food. The purpose of this study is to predict and find an alternative policy framework for low-carbon development in the agricultural sector in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative and qualitative approach by Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and multicriteria policy (MULTIPOL) analysis. The data were obtained through secondary data in 2014-2018, and the primary data are in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and field observations. The results of ANN show that the predictions of provinces that need to adopt low-carbon development in Indonesia are dominated in production centers such as Java Island, so an alternative policy framework using MULTIPOL is needed. Furthermore, this research establishes three scenarios, eight policies, twenty-six actions, and nine evaluative criteria in analyzing the LCD of the agricultural sector. The results indicate that LCD can be conducted by integrating the speed scenario (S2) with a value ranging from 6.3 (policy to increase capacity and quality of human resources) to 18.7 (circular economy). This scenario accommodates policies related to low carbon reduction and agricultural production increase, such as a circular economy, co-benefit adaptation strategies, low carbon technology innovation, and strengthening low carbon networks.

Indonesia's economy is currently undergoing a sharp shift of structural transformation. This is evident from the change in the proportion of major sectoral contributions to GDP in Indonesia. The agricultural sector in 2000 accounted for 15.60 percent of the national GDP. This sector is experiencing a gradual downward trend in 2015 which only contributes 12.18 percent. On the other hand there is an increasing contribution to GDP for the trade sector from 16.15 percent in 2000 to 18.06 percent by 2015. The study aims to identify the structural transformation of the agricultural sector in Indonesia, identify fiscal policy, appropriate development programs and can be implemented. The research methodology used is to explore the theory and implementation of several other countries by using SWOT analysis. The results of this research analysis found that the shift of structural transformation in the agricultural sector has the potential to cause negative impacts on several macroeconomic indicators such as GDP per capita persector and workforce of the sector. Therefore, there are several fiscal instruments that can be recommended, among others through credit programs such as Credit for Business Programme, subsidies and agricultural credit. Moreover, it can be done through agricultural insurance schemes and programs to increase infrastructure spending in agriculture so that the structural transformation is expected to keep Indonesia's economic growth more inclusive.

This study examines the determinant contribution of conventional bank lending for the agricultural sector in Indonesia. The analysis method used in this research is the Vector Correction Model (VECM). The results showed that in the short term, there was no significant effect of the Non-Performing Loan (LogNPL), GDP of Agricultural Sector (LogPDB), and Agricultural Sector Credit Interest Rates (SBK). However, there is an effect of the LogNPL and LogPDB on the conventional bank lending for the agricultural sector in the long term. The LogNPL has a significant positive effect on the contribution of conventional bank lending to the agricultural sector. While the LogPDB has a significant negative effect on the contribution of conventional bank lending for the agricultural sector. The Impulse Response Function (IRF) analysis results show that shocks to the LogNPL respond negatively in the long run, shocks to the LogPDB respond positively in the long run, and shocks to the SBK respond negatively in the long run by conventional bank lending for the agricultural sector. Through the analysis of FEVD (Forecast Error Variance Decomposition), it is known that the biggest contribution to conventional bank lending for the agricultural sector is agricultural credit and GDP.