Are Mobile Apps Effective at Targeting Physical Activity or Malnutrition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Older adults are at risk for compromised nutritional status because of physical changes associated with aging, as well as cognitive, psychological, and social factors such as dementia, depression, isolation, and limited income. Malnutrition negatively affects quality of life, increases health care costs, and increases the risk of short-term mortality. Nurses and other members of interdisciplinary health care teams play important roles in preventing malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults and in older adults in long-term care settings. This article provides an overview of screening tools and interventions nurses can use to minimize the risk of malnutrition in older adults.

Relationship between social frailty and malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults undergoing rehabilitation.

Oral health determinants of incident malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults

MODIFICATION OF THE MNA-SF FOR COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS AT RISK OF MALNUTRITION

Association between malnutrition and cognitive frailty in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Temporal relationship between malnutrition and oral function impairment in older adults with dysphagia: A cross-lagged panel model

Nutritional status in non-cancer older adults experiencing dry mouth -meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background Malnutrition (i.e., protein-energy malnutrition) in older adults is associated with significant complications and increased mortality, highlighting the need for effective treatments. Many randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effectiveness of nutritional interventions for the treatment of malnutrition showed mixed results and there is a need for meta-analyses. However, evidence synthesis is hampered by the wide variety of outcomes and assessment methods in RCTs. This project, led by EuGMS Special Interest Group Nutrition, aims to develop a Core Outcome Set (COS) for nutritional intervention studies in older adults with malnutrition and those at risk. Methods The project consists of five phases: 1) a scoping review (completed) to identify frequently used outcomes in published RCTs and select additional patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) representatives have been involved to provide feedback on the proposed list of outcomes resulting from the review and PROMs; 2) a modified Delphi Survey whereby experienced researchers and health care professionals working in the field of malnutrition in older adults will be invited to rate the importance of the proposed outcomes; 3) a consensus meeting to discuss and agree what critical outcomes need to be included in the COS; 4) a systematic review to determine how each COS outcome should be measured and a second consensus meeting; 5) a dissemination and implementation phase. Conclusions The result of this project will be a COS that should be included in any RCT testing the effectiveness of interventions to tackle malnutrition in older people as a minimum. This COS will facilitate comparison of RCT results, will promote efficient use of research resources and might reduce bias in measurement of the outcome and publication bias. Ultimately, the COS will support clinical decision making by identifying the most effective approaches for treating and preventing malnutrition in older adults.

BackgroundMalnutrition (i.e., protein-energy malnutrition) in older adults has severe negative clinical consequences, emphasizing the need for effective treatments. Many, often small, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effectiveness of nutritional interventions for the treatment of malnutrition showed mixed results and a need for meta-analyses and data pooling has been expressed. However, evidence synthesis is hampered by the wide variety of outcomes and their method of assessment in previous RCTs. This paper describes the protocol for developing a Core Outcome Set (COS) for nutritional intervention studies in older adults with malnutrition and those at risk.MethodsThe project consists of five phases. The first phase consists of a scoping review to identify frequently used outcomes in published RCTs and select additional patient-reported outcomes. The second phase includes a modified Delphi Survey involving experienced researchers and health care professionals working in the field of malnutrition in older adults, followed by the third phase consisting of a consensus meeting to discuss and agree what critical outcomes need to be included in the COS. The fourth phase will determine how each COS outcome should be measured based on a systematic literature review and a second consensus meeting. This will be followed by a dissemination and implementation phase. Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) representatives will contribute to study design, oversight, consensus, and dissemination.ConclusionsThe result of this project is a COS that should be included in any RCT evaluating the effect of nutritional interventions in older adults with malnutrition and those at risk. This COS will facilitate comparison of RCT results, will increase efficient use of research resources and will reduce bias due to measurement of the outcome and publication bias. Ultimately, the COS will support clinical decision making by identifying the most effective approaches for treating and preventing malnutrition in older adults.

To determine the relationship between mastication and malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults. To establish the eligibility criteria, the acronym PECOS was used: Population: non-institutionalized older adults; Exposure: older adults with malnutrition; Control: older adults without malnutrition; Outcome: masticatory problems in malnourished older adults; Study types: observational studies. It selected studies assessing malnutrition and mastication difficulties in non-institutionalized adults over 60 years old, of both sexes. Mastication and malnutrition were evaluated with questionnaires on self-reported symptoms and clinical and instrumental assessments. There were no restrictions on language, year of publication, or ethnicity. The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality with the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for cross-sectional studies. For the cross-sectional studies included, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals. After searching the databases, 692 references were retrieved, with three studies selected for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The values obtained in the meta-analysis for association show that malnutrition and mastication difficulties were 2.21 times as likely to occur (OR = 2.21; 95%CI = 0.93 - 5.26; I2 = 94%) as individuals without malnutrition (p < 0.001). The assessment of the risk of bias presented a high-risk, a moderate-risk, and a low-risk study. The certainty of evidence was rated very low with the GRADE tool. Individuals at risk of malnutrition are 2.21 times as likely to have mastication difficulties.

Is the topic of malnutrition in older adults addressed in the European nursing curricula? A MaNuEL study

Differences in Medical and Life-style Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Limited-Resource Older Adults in a Rural U.S. State: A Descriptive Study.

Background: Tooth status is one of the effective factors in incidence and prevalence of malnutrition in older adults. The present study aims to determine dental health status and its relationship with nutritional status of older adults. Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional survey and its population was community-dwelling older adults in Tabriz, Iran. The representative sample included 1041 older adults (506 males and 535 females) selected by probability proportional to size sampling method. The condition of the teeth was determined by a questionnaire and the malnutrition status using mini nutritional assessment-short form and anthropometric indices. Results: Of studied older adults, 4.3% were toothless, 68.4% toothless with complete prosthesis, 1.7% natural teeth but mostly decayed, 6.1% natural teeth and mostly healthy and 9.5% had a combination of natural teeth and prosthesis. The sum of malnutrition and at risk of malnutrition in the toothless older adults were 51.1%, toothless with complete prosthesis 28.9%, natural teeth but mostly decayed 27.30%, natural teeth mostly healthy 23.8% and in the older adults with combination of natural teeth and prosthesis were 22.2%. Conclusion: Older adults with combination of natural teeth and prosthesis had the lowest levels of malnutrition and at risk of malnutrition. The toothless had the highest levels of malnutrition, as more than half of them were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. There was a significant relationship between dental status and nutritional status. However, there was no significant relationship between dental status and anthropometric indices (BMI, WC and WHpR).

Determinants of protein–energy malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review of observational studies

Oral health and incident malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults