Abstract
BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of human immunity e.g. against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Against the background of still alarming high mortality of tuberculosis effective biomarkers to improve diagnosis of M. tuberculosis infection and successful treatment are of major importance.ConclusionsThis review summarizes recent surrogate tissue studies for identification of miRNA biomarker candidates in human tuberculosis with a special focus on reproducibility and conformance. In addition we provide assistance for the design of biomarker studies to circumvent major pitfalls.
Highlights
MicroRNAs are crucial regulators of human immunity e.g. against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Definition and characterization of study groups and samples in human studies are demanding and verification of biomarker candidates strongly depends on the comparability of different studies in this regard
The same study focused on another promising candidate, namely miR-29, that was increased in CD4+ T cells from TB patients [17]
Summary
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of human immunity e.g. against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Spinelli et al used a candidate gene approach to determine expression of six miRNAs in PBMCs of TB patients and TSTneg individuals [14]. Comparisons of pulmonary tissue samples revealed increased miR-223 expression in the lung of TB patients as compared to healthy controls [15].
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