Abstract
The association of microalbuminuria and elevated 24 h urinary microalbumin excretion (UAE) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been well examined in Chinese Adults. In the present study, a population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese adults aged 18–69 years in Shandong province in 2011 to determine the relationship between them. Data on 24 h UAE and other variables were obtained and components of MetS were examined. The prevalence of MetS and mean 24 h UAE was 24.7% and 6.7 mg, respectively. Compared with participants with normoalbuminuria, the odds of MetS and its components including central obesity, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting glucose, but not the odds of low HDL cholesterol and elevated triglycerides, significantly increased in those with microalbuminuria. Additionally, the odds of MetS and its three components significantly increased across increasing quartiles of 24 h UAE within normal range (1.00, 1.11, 1.02 and 1.58, respectively, for MetS; 1.00, 1.14, 1.21, and 1.68, respectively, for central obesity; 1.00, 1.35, 1.26 and 1.68, respectively, for elevated blood pressure; and 1.00, 1.32, 1.06 and 1.47, respectively, for elevated triglycerides; p for linear trend ≤0.05 for all). Furthermore, for each increment of 10 mg 24 h UAE within normal range, the odds of MetS and its components including central obesity, elevated blood pressure, and elevated triglycerides significantly increased by 53%, 65%, 55%, and 41%, respectively. These findings suggest that both microalbuminuria and elevated 24 h UAE within normal range might be important risk factors for MetS in Chinese adults.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a serious public health challenge in China and worldwide because of its high incidence and concomitant risks of cardiovascular disease and all-causePLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0138410 September 17, 201524 H Urinary Microalbumin Excretion and Metabolic Syndrome
Participants with microalbuminuria were more likely to have higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), and FBG compared those with normoalbuminuria
Mean diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, BMI, and triglycerides increased with increasing quartiles of 24 h urinary microalbumin excretion (UAE) within normal range
Summary
Epidemiological studies have been conducted globally to determine the relationship between microalbuminuria estimated by an early morning or random spot urine sample and risk of MetS, and a significant positive correlation was found between them[3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. Detailed analyses evaluating the risk of 24 h urinary microalbumin excretion (UAE) on MetS have been limited[6]. In the meantime none of population-based studies has examined the effect of 24 h UAE on the risk of MetS among Chinese adults. In this study, we analyzed the group data from a cross sectional study of Chinese adults to investigate the association of microalbuminuria and elevated 24 h UAE within normal range with the risk of MetS in Chinese adults
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