Are artificial retinas merely an approach to recover sight, or are they a tool of augmented reality beyond natural eyes in blind people?

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the factors influencing cosmetic purchase intention. The context is the use of augmented reality (AR) features in Indonesian e-commerce platforms. Methodology/approach: The research uses a quantitative approach. The analysis method is SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares). The sample consists of 176 women who have used AR features on Shopee, Tokopedia, Lazada, and Blibli. Key variables include vividness, shopping benefits, behavioral control, satisfaction, and purchase intention. Results/findings: Vividness positively affects both behavioral control and satisfaction. Shopping benefits significantly influence satisfaction. Behavioral control and satisfaction positively impact purchase intention. More realistic and interactive AR features improve user satisfaction and boost buying intention. Conclusion: This study concludes that augmented reality (AR) features in e-commerce significantly influence the purchase intention of cosmetic users in Indonesia. Factors such as vividness, shopping benefits, and behavioral control positively affect satisfaction, which in turn enhances purchase intention. The research fills a gap by linking vividness and shopping benefits with user satisfaction, which leads to actual purchase intentions in AR-based platforms. Limitations: This study only involves users of specific e-commerce platforms, so the results may not be fully representative of all augmented reality features across e-commerce platforms in Indonesia. Contribution: Offers strategic insights for brand owners and marketers to enhance AR-based features. Guides IT and tech developers to build more effective AR experiences. Supports digital marketing practices in the beauty and cosmetics sector.

This study aims to determine the impact of implementing Augmented Reality (AR) features on mobile shopping applications on purchasing decisions of Generation Z consumers, especially first-time buyers. The research method uses a quantitative approach, the study involved 385 Generation Z respondents (aged 18-25 years) who were using AR features for shopping for the first time. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that AR Visual Quality (X1), AR Interactivity (X2) and AR Ease of Use (X3) have a significant positive effect on Purchasing Decisions (p <0.000). The study revealed that 78.5% of AR features influence Generation Z in deciding to purchase on mobile shopping applications. In this case, it can be concluded that the presence of AR features can reduce Gen Z's hesitation in deciding to purchase for first-time buyers. Key factors influencing purchasing decisions include AR visualization quality, ease of use, and feature interactivity.

Purpose Advancements in augmented reality (AR) technology have increased the interest in improving brand equity by creating AR-enhanced branding experiences. However, despite the potential of AR branding, knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms required for AR features to build brand equity remains limited. Thus, we considered embodied cognition theory to investigate how designing AR features enhances brand equity, particularly through the vivid experience of AR-enhanced body–environment interaction. Specifically, this study focused on both environmental and physical AR features: environmental embedding (EE) and simulated physical control (SPC). Design/methodology/approach The results of an online experiment with 297 participants in a 2 (high/low EE) × 2 (high/low SPC) between-subjects design underwent analysis of covariance and structural equation modeling to examine the relationship between AR features, vividness and brand equity. We also examined the moderating effects of prior AR experiences. Findings The results support most hypotheses that the experience of vividness is a crucial mediator linking AR features (EE and SPC) and consumer-based brand equity. The findings confirm the influential role of prior AR experience in the moderated mediation model, implying that AR-enhanced brand equity occurs primarily among technically adept AR consumers. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by identifying AR-enhanced body–environment interactions as a novel approach for enhancing brand equity. We also revealed the antecedents of vividness in the context of AR-enhanced branding. Moreover, the findings reveal that AR effects are contingent on consumers’ prior AR experience.

This study explores how Augmented Reality (AR) features affect user experience and to what extent they contribute to users' purchase intention for cosmetic products on Shopee. As AR technology becomes increasingly integrated into online retail, key features such as personalization, interactivity, and detailed product information enhance user experience, which may increase consumer willingness to purchase. The aim of this study is to investigate whether using AR on Shopee can positively influence consumers' intention to buy. Employing a quantitative research approach, and the data collection tool use questionnaire by google form. In this study, the sample consist of 205 specifically gen-Z who have interacted with AR features. This study was conducted using SMARTPLS 4.1.0.8 software was used to analyze the data. This study found that the use of AR with information, personalization and interactivity features can improve user experience which explains that the higher the positive experience of AR users, the more it will affect the user's desire to buy cosmetic products.

In vitro experiments and animal studies first established the biocompatibility of retinal prostheses for the treatment of retinal degenerations such as retinitis pigmentosa. Early human studies further confirmed the feasibility of implantation. The clinical trial of the most studied retinal implant, the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis, has shown good long-term safety and reliability. The clinical outcomes of the Argus II clinical trial are reviewed. The most common complications arising from retinal prosthesis implantation are discussed. These include conjunctival erosion or dehiscence, hypotony, endophthalmitis, and retinal tear or detachment. Nonserious adverse events include macular thickening, epiretinal membranes, elevated intraocular pressure, and uveitis. For each complication, the signs and symptoms of presentation are reviewed. Critical components of the ocular examination to facilitate early diagnosis are identified. The risk of potential complications may be reduced with certain preoperative and intraoperative strategies. Strategies for management of complications associated with retinal implantation are reviewed. Retinal prosthesis implantation has the potential to improve the lives of patients with retinal degenerations. Outcomes from initial clinical trials have been promising but have also identified potential complications unique to the process of retinal implantation. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of complications can preserve the full potential of retinal prostheses.

Augmented reality features, such as overlaying information in real time, modifying the projected scene, or dynamically adjusting parameters like contrast, zoom, and brightness, show promise in addressing the specific challenges faced by people with low vision. These tailored solutions enhance their visual experiences. When combined with mobile technology, these features significantly improve the personalization of visual aids and the monitoring of patients with low vision. Retiplus emerges as a personalized visual aid and rehabilitation system, utilizing smart glasses and augmented reality technology for visual aid functions, along with a mobile app for visual assessment, aid customization, and usage monitoring. This wearable system quickly assesses visual conditions, providing deep insights into the visual perception of patients with low vision. Designed to enhance autonomy and quality of life, Retiplus seamlessly integrates into indoor and outdoor environments, enabling the programming of rehabilitation exercises for both static and ambulatory activities at home. In collaboration with specialists, the system meticulously records patient interaction data for subsequent evaluation and feedback. A clinical study involving 30 patients with low vision assessed the effect of Retiplus, analyzing its impact on visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual field, and ambulation. The most notable finding was an average increase of 61% in visual field without compromising ambulation safety. Retiplus introduces a new user-centered approach that emphasizes collaboration among a multidisciplinary team for the customization of visual aids, thereby minimizing the gap between the perceptions of low vision specialists and technologists regarding user needs and the actual requirements of users.

This paper highlights the motivation for new participatory tools and methods in urban planning; and proposes optical tracking as a solution to improve Augmented Reality (AR) features in participatory urban planning software. Actual software and tools for smart-city-planning target only on the relevant administration staff, architects and other professionals. These systems create significant barriers for citizens’ participation in the planning process as they were designed with the professional user in mind. Professionals are used to work with highly abstract data, while citizens and many creatives would require much more direct visualization. What are needed are smart interactive and visual tools like in-situ-mixed-reality, combining the real location with planning data. The Betaville system, a participatory platform for urban re-design, combines all these features and allows all people to engage in urban planning. The project “Express Yourself/city”, a sub-project of “The People’s Smart Sculpture PS2”, works as a discussion forum, combining social and cultural demands for participation in urban development with new technical approaches. One goal of “Express Yourself/city” is to improve the usability of Betaville. To achieve that, the augmented reality feature needs to be redefined. The project “Markerless Adaptive Mobile Augmented Reality in Games MadMAGs” is dedicated to providing a solution based on optical tracking.

This study aims at measuring consumer perceptions of the Augmented Reality (AR) feature on an online shopping platform for fashion products online shopping. The current use of the internet affects the rapid growth of online business. However, there are many consumers who still feel worried when shopping online because they feel that the products, they get are not suitable with their expectations. Concerning these matters, technologies that combine the virtual world with the real world through the Augmented Reality feature emerge. This feature is expected to provide a new experience to consumers through 3D visualization through a mobile phone camera where consumers can try products and choose the items they want. Research design, statistical software is used for data processing to see how respondents understand the questionnaire that has been. The study was aimed at 200 respondents who had used the Zara App with the age range of 17–24 years or generation Z because they grew up in the internet era and socially interacted a lot through social media. The result shows that consumers' perceptions of AR feature in virtual shopping can provide convenience, benefits, and pleasure when adopting AR, as well as to create engagement with consumers.

Retinal degenerative diseases result in progressive and profound visual impairment. Retinal prosthesis implantation is a promising strategy for retinal degenerative disease treatment. Conventional retinal prostheses based on electrode arrays have limitations such as low resolution and poor biocompatibility. This review focuses on retinal prostheses using energy-conversion nano/micromaterials, including photovoltaic, piezoelectric, upconversion, and photothermal materials. These materials can convert external energy into neural stimulation signals, enabling wireless or self-powered operation. For instance, photovoltaic materials offer high sensitivity and resolution; piezoelectric materials can harness ultrasound for non-invasive neural stimulation; upconversion materials assist humans in distinguishing multiple spectra of near-infrared light; and photothermal materials can stimulate neurons through near-infrared light with better tissue penetration. In addition, the nano/microscale structure of the retinal prosthesis strengthens the physical and chemical properties and provides more sensitive neuronal signal transmission. Although remarkable progress has been made, challenges like achieving high and stable resolution, ensuring long-term biocompatibility, and optimizing the material-neural tissue interface remain. Future research should focus on developing novel nano/microstructured materials, innovative device designs, and a better understanding of the bio-interface to restore more natural visual function for patients with retinal degeneration.

<p><em>This research is motivated by the results of observations which show that the results of the three-dimensional daily assessments and end-of-semester assessments are still not optimal. This is influenced by several factors, especially the student's interest in learning in class. They still have difficulty visualizing the three dimensions so in calculating the questions given, they still experience difficulties completing them. Three-dimensional material requires a good understanding of the shapes of three-dimensional space and related concepts. Therefore, the Augmented Reality (AR) feature is needed in the Geogebra application. This research aims to analyze students' learning interests by using the Augmented Reality (AR) feature in the Geogebra application. This research used a qualitative approach where the research subjects were 61 students consisting of 33 students in class XII IPA 1 and 28 students in class XII IPS 1 at SMAIT Raudhatul Jannah Cilegon. The research results show that the presentation of each indicator on the student interest scale questionnaire has an average of 80.19%, which means that almost all students already have an interest in learning three-dimensional material using the Augmented Reality (AR) feature in the Geogebra application. It is hoped that other researchers can develop the results of this research, as well as improve the quality of learning, especially in mathematics learning with the help of the Geogebra application to increase insight.</em></p>

Using augmented reality to deliver cue exposure treatment for smoking cessation: App usability findings and protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

현대 패키지는 제품 보호에만 그치지 않고 소비자에게 시각 요소를 통해 소비자의 시선을 유도하고 흥미를 유발하는 등 다양한 표현방법을 통해 종합적으로 조화를 이루어 제품의 특성과 개성에 따라 표현 전략이 세심하게 디자인되어야 한다. 그러나, 패키지디자인에 표현하고자 하는 시각 요소의 범위가 한정되어 있어서 법적으로 등록된 필요한 부분만 표현하는 것이 일반적이어서 용기나 패키지 박스의 협소한 공간에 제한된 시각 표현으로 많은 정보를 제공하기에 현실적으로 어려움이 있다. 이에, 본 연구는 소비자가 제품의 정보를 탐색하는 상황에서 패키지의 시각 정보 전달력을 강화하기 위하여 패키지디자인의 시각 요소에 증강현실의 활용을 통해 새롭게 형성된 가상공간 안에서 다양한 표현 수단으로 소비자가 제품에 대한 정보를 탐색하고 획득하는 데 공간적, 표현적, 양적인 측면에서 효과적으로 해결할 수 있음을 확인하는 연구이다. 연구방법은 증강현실과 패키지디자인에 대한 이론적 고찰을 통해 증강현실의 개념 및 특성과 패키지디자인의 시각 요소를 이해하고 증강현실이 적용된 사례를 분석한다. 분석은 크게 두 부분으로 나뉜다. 첫 번째 부분에서는 일반적으로 사용되는 증강현실 기술의 유형을 알아보고 두 번째 부분에서는 증강현실이 디자인의 표현수단으로 적용된 사례를 살펴본다. 증강현실 사례 분석을 토대로 상호작용성, 몰입감, 흥미성, 이해성 네 가지 측면에서 소비자와 제품간의 관계에 대하여 논의한다. 분석결과, 패키지디자인 시각 요소에 활용된 증강현실은 소비자에게 다양한 제품 경험을 제공하고 구매의사 결정 과정에 도움을 줌으로써 소비자 반응에 영향을 미치며 특히, 가상의 콘텐츠와 소비자 환경을 실시간으로 융합시키는 것이 가능하며, 소비자가 모바일 기기로 쉽게 체험할 수 있다는 점에서 제품 정보를 효과적으로 습득할 수 있는 기술로 활용할 수 있다. 다시 말해, 증강현실은 소비자들이 제품에 대한 정보를 탐색하고 얻을 수 있도록 돕는 데 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다. 증강현실에서는 가상 이미지가 우리가 직접적으로 연관된 실제 공간과 매개함으로써 새로운 공간에 재생산되어 존재한다. 이러한 물리적 공간과 가상 공간의 결합은 새로운 공간의 탄생을 의미하며, 기존 공간과는 다른 실존적 성격을 띠게 된다. 이러한 과정은 제품 관련 정보들을 보다 체계적이고 시각적으로 잘 표현하여 소비자가 이를 보다 다양하게 이해할 수 있도록 새로운 패키지디자인의 접근 방법이 될 수 있다고 본다.The modern package should not only protect the product, but also comprehensively harmonize it through various expression methods such as inducing consumer attention and arousing interest through visual elements to consumers. However, since the range of visual elements to be expressed in package design is limited, it is common to express only the necessary parts that are legally registered. Therefore, in this study, in order to strengthen the visual information delivery power of the package in a situation where consumers are searching for product information, consumers can use various means of expression in a newly formed virtual space through the use of augmented reality for visual elements of package design. It is a study that confirms that it can be effectively solved in terms of spatial, expressive, and quantitative aspects in searching for and acquiring information. The research method understands the concept and characteristics of augmented reality and visual elements of package design through theoretical considerations on augmented reality and package design, and analyzes cases where augmented reality is applied. This chapter is divided into two main parts. The first part examines the types of commonly used augmented reality technologies, and the second part examines cases in which augmented reality is applied as a means of design. Based on the augmented reality case analysis, the relationship between consumers and products will be discussed in four aspects: interactivity, immersion, interest, and understanding. As a result of the analysis, the augmented reality used in the visual elements of the package design enriches the consumer s product experience and helps the decision-making process regarding the purchase. It can be used as a technology that can effectively help consumers acquire product information in that it is possible to converge virtual content with the environment in real time, and it can be easily experienced with one s own mobile device. In other words, augmented reality can play an important role in helping consumers explore and obtain information about products. In augmented reality, virtual images are reproduced and exist in a new space by mediating with the real space with which we are directly related. This combination of physical space and virtual space means the birth of a new space, and it takes on an existential character different from the existing space. This process can be a new approach to package design that allows consumers to understand product-related information in a more diverse way by expressing a series of product-related information more systematically and visually.

Assistive peripheral phosphene arrays deliver advantages in obstacle avoidance in simulated end-stage retinitis pigmentosa: a virtual-reality study

Exploring the stimulating role of augmented reality features in E-commerce: A three-staged hybrid approach

This paper presents an Augmented Interactive Reality book (AIR) application, aimed to enhance the reading experience of adult-learners by incorporating Augmented Reality (AR) technology to improve the interaction of normal books. Various features and characteristics of Augmented Reality (AR) were applied to the chosen book, "My Vision" written by H.H. Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice-President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai. The project is a joint-collaboration between Etisalat British Telecommunication Innovation Center (EBTIC) and Khalifa University, as part of the iCampus project on "Smart Learning-Edutainment". The project has received a number of positive feedbacks from the field study conducted with the general public, and has also been presented to H.H. Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum - Ruler of Dubai, H.H. Sheikh Saif Bin Zayed Al Nahyan - Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior, and several others.