Abstract
An aqueous phase behavior was investigated for ionic liquid-related cationic gemini surfactant, [C12im-4-C12im][Br2], in which two dodecylimidazolium parts are linked by a spacer composed of four methylene units. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to detect phase boundaries among various phases, from which a temperature−composition (T−X) phase diagram was constructed. Lyotropic liquid-crystalline phases appearing in this mixture were characterized by means of polarized optical microscopy. It was revealed that (1) two types of liquid-crystalline phases, lamellar ( $$ {{\hbox{L}}_\alpha } $$ ) and hexagonal (H1), are formed; (2) H1 phase coexists with micellar solution (L1) over a wide concentration range from a few wt.% to ca. 80 wt.% of the surfactant; and (3) the hydrated solid with the composition of [C12im-4-C12im][Br2]·2H2O exhibits incongruent melting point at which the hydrated solid decomposes into H1 phase and unhydrated surfactant solid.
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