APPROBATION OF TASNRK2.8-A GENE MARKER ANALYSIS ON BREAD WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES

Abstract

Problem. Drought resistance of wheat is a complex quantitative trait. The study of the mechanisms and components of signaling pathways activated by drought stress, the search for and testing of molecular markers to identify alleles of genes that could provide benefits in certain growing conditions is relevant and necessary.The aim of the study was to reveal the single nucleotide substitution of A to G at position 5917 bp of TaSnRK2.8 gene, which differentiates alleles A and G, in bread winter wheat varieties of the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of NAAS of Ukraine and to compare yield and drought resistance index for varieties with the identified alleles.Methods. The alleles of the TaSnRK2.8-A gene in nine varieties of bread winter wheat from the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of NAAS were studied using CAPS markers. Yields in drought and irrigation conditions were analized, as well as the drought resistance index in the field experiment during three growing years. Factors were evaluated using two factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) in Statistica 8.The main results. In the varieties Anatoliia, Ovidii, Rosynka, Khersons`ka bezosta and Khersons'ka 99 the presence of adenine at position 5917 bp was detected – it was A allele of the TaSnRK2.8 gene, and in the varieties Blaho, Burhunka, Koshova, Soborna ˗ G allele. Significant differences were found between the varieties in terms of yield in the conditions of drought and irrigation, as well as in terms of drought resistance index. According to the results of two-factor analysis of variance, the factors Year and Allele significantly affected yield at the conditions of irrigation, in this case, plants with G allele were more productive. There were also significant affect of the interaction of the factors Year x Allele on the yield in drought conditions and on the drought resistance index.Conclusions. Alleles of the TaSnRK2.8-A gene were identified in 9 wheat varieties created at the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture. There were significant differences between the varieties in terms of yield under conditions of drought and irrigation, as well as in terms of drought resistance index. The Koshova variety was the most productive in the conditions of drought, it also remained one of the most productive when grown under irrigation. The influence of factors Year and Allele was statistically significant on yield under irrigation. At the same time, yields in drought and drought resistance index depended on the interaction of factors genotype x environment (Year x Allele). Wheat varieties with the G allele had higher yields under irrigation and when grown conditions of drought in 2018. No significant differences were detected between varieties with different alleles of the TaSnRK2.8-A gene in terms of yield grown in conditions of drought in 2016 and 2017. Key words: Triticum aestivum L.; drought tolerance; molecular markers; TaSnRK2.8-A gene