APPROACHES TO IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF CONSTRUCTING INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES

Abstract

Design activity is a creative process that almost entirely depends on the professional abilities of the engineer-designer, but his ability to realize his capabilities in the shortest possible time is largely determined by the use of the achieved successes in the design of parts of assemblies and whole products. Modern design activity at a machine-building enterprise can be conventionally reduced to two directions: the design of fundamentally new innovative equipment and the improvement of products that have already been mastered and are delivered to the market. In both the first and second cases, block-modular design can be used to shorten the entire production cycle, which involves the creation of products based on modules and blocks. Modern mechanical engineering is characterized by constant complication and frequent replacement of machine designs, therefore, when designing and further manufacturing a large number of machines, it is necessary, first of all, to divide their design into independent assembly units, that is, aggregates, so that they all perform certain functions in the machine. This approach will make it possible to organize the specialized production of nodes as independent products, the performance of the main functions of which can be checked independently of the entire machine as a whole at any stage. The development of optimal layout schemes makes it possible to create, depending on the type of production, conditions for the most economical use of aggregates and to determine the sequence of their operation in one or another layout. Modern machine-building companies implement a large number of different automated IT systems, which together create a virtual enterprise and cover all stages of the product life cycle (CALS - Computer Aided Acquisition and Life-Cycle Support - automation of continuous supplies and product life cycle). Accelerating the pace of innovation processes is a crucial condition for increasing the efficiency of the enterprise's financial and economic activities and the quality of products. Automation of design processes is especially effective when moving from the automation of individual engineering calculations to complex automation, creating automated design systems (CAD) for this purpose. CAD is a complex necessary for data processing in the conditions of design and technological preparation of production. The CAD complex includes systems as structural elements - specialized parts aimed at solving tasks at a specific stage of design: design, engineering calculations (CAD-K), technological preparation of production (CAD-T). CAD-K and CAD-T systems are parts of CAD, which are characterized by specific features that ensure the implementation of various design tasks and the receipt of appropriate design solutions and design documentation. The entire complex of aspects that make up the CAD complex must be formed individually for each specific machine-building enterprise with taking into account the main parameters. The application of such approaches as a whole helps to increase the efficiency of the design of innovative technology.