Abstract
X-ray holography is widely used in material, biology, and industry fields due to its potential to measure the microstructure and dynamic change of objects. In this review, the principle of X-ray holography and the development of this technology in different application fields are systematically summarized and discussed. Through analyzing the advancement of X-ray sources and recording medium, the research and development direction of X-ray holography are prospected and the overview on current strategies of novel X-ray holography is presented. It is proved that X-ray holography, as a powerful nondestructive measurement method, can be applied to a wide range of objects.
Highlights
In 1948, Gabor [1] formulated the idea of the holographic method, obtaining the first hologram and reconstructed image, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Physics
It is not difficult to find that the application range and measurement results of X-ray holography are related to the improvement of test equipment and technological progress. ese technologies include many aspects. e first of them is the X-ray source. e development of synchrotron radiation accelerators and free electron lasers can provide brighter and better coherent light sources, which can excite shorter pulses to achieve femtosecond imaging
The holographic images like ‘continuous’ to achieve dynamic measurement of the microstructure. e second is the improvement of measurement approaches. e higher measurement requirements have led to the emergence of many measurement approaches, including improvements of the existing approach and the combination with traditional approaches. e third is the upgrade of the image reconstruction algorithm. e second step of holography is an image reconstruction based on the principle of diffraction, providing the phase information of the image
Summary
In 1948, Gabor [1] formulated the idea of the holographic method, obtaining the first hologram and reconstructed image, for which he won the Nobel Prize in Physics. By improving the resolution of the medium and the incident light source [10,11,12,13,14,15], the researchers succeeded in obtaining X-ray holograms. As a method of direct three-dimensional imaging, X-ray holography has a great deal of advantages in studying the crystal structure of objects. X-ray holography does have the function of optical holography and some special properties, which makes it advantageous in the three-dimensional imaging and dynamic observation of the internal microstructure of the objects. E.g., nanomaterial and ferroelectric material, are widely used in the production process of significant components It has been a long time since the discovery of these materials, the understanding of their detailed structure and microscopic origin is still unclear.
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