Abstract
Several cities have recently moved towards becoming smart cities for better services and quality of life for residents and visitors, with: optimized resource utilization; increased environmental protection; enhanced infrastructure operations and maintenance; and strong safety and security measures. Smart cities depend on deploying current and new technologies and different optimization methods to enhance services and performance in their different sectors. Some of the technologies assisting smart city applications are the Internet of Things (IoT), fog computing, and cloud computing. Integrating these three to serve one system (we will refer to it as integrated IoT-fog-cloud system (iIFC)) creates an advanced platform to develop and operate various types of smart city applications. This platform will allow applications to use the best features from the IoT devices, fog nodes, and cloud services to deliver best capabilities and performance. Utilizing this powerful platform will provide many opportunities for enhancing and optimizing applications in energy, transportation, healthcare, and other areas. In this paper we survey various applications of iIFCs for smart cities. We identify different common issues associated with utilizing iIFCs for smart city applications. These issues arise due to the characteristics of iIFCs on the one side and the requirements of different smart city applications on the other. In addition, we outline the main requirements to effectively utilize iIFCs for smart city applications. These requirements are related to optimization, networking, and security.
Highlights
In 1950, 746 million people lived in urban areas worldwide
When the Internet of Things (IoT), fog computing, and cloud computing are integrated into one system, this integrated system can offer an advanced and comprehensive platform for developing and operating many smart city applications [3,4,5]
Conclusions iIFCs offer the opportunity to create suitable platforms to develop and operate important smart city applications. These applications can utilize services provided by IoT devices, fog nodes, and cloud services
Summary
In 1950, 746 million people lived in urban areas worldwide. This number has increased more than five times to 4.22 billion, as of 2018 [1]. Fog computing provides real-time services, better location and context awareness processing, mobility supports, and advanced communication services, such as streaming support for smart city applications [2]. The combination of these technologies allows applications to utilize the best features of each one to optimize operations and enhance the quality of service. When the IoT, fog computing, and cloud computing are integrated into one system, this integrated system can offer an advanced and comprehensive platform for developing and operating many smart city applications [3,4,5].
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