Applications of ergonomics in the inclusion of people with disabilities in the workplace: scoping review protocol

BackgroundThe challenge of implementing evidence-based innovations within practice settings is a significant public health issue that the field of implementation research (IR) is focused on addressing. Significant amounts of funding, time, and effort have been invested in IR to date, yet there remains significant room for advancement, especially regarding IR’s development of scientific theories as defined by the National Academy of Sciences (i.e., a comprehensive explanation of the relationship between variables that is supported by a vast body of evidence). Research priority setting (i.e., promoting consensus about areas where research effort will have wide benefits to society) is a key approach to helping accelerate research advancements. Thus, building upon existing IR, general principles of data reduction, and a general framework for moderated mediation, this article identifies four priority domains, three priority aims, and four testable hypotheses for IR, which we organize in the priority aims and testable hypotheses (PATH) diagram.MethodsThe objective of this scoping review is to map the extent to which IR has examined the identified PATH priorities to date. Our sample will include IR published in leading implementation-focused journals (i.e., Implementation Science, Implementation Science Communications, and Implementation Research and Practice) between their inception and December 2020. The protocol for the current scoping review and evidence map has been developed in accordance with the approach developed by Arksey and O’Malley and advanced by Levac, Colquhoun, and O’Brien. Because scoping reviews seek to provide an overview of the identified evidence base rather than synthesize findings from across studies, we plan to use our data-charting form to provide a descriptive overview of implementation research to date and summarize the research via one or more summary tables. We will use the PATH diagram to organize a map of the evidence to date.DiscussionThis scoping review and evidence map is intended to help accelerate IR focused on suggested priority aims and testable hypotheses, which in turn will accelerate IR’s development of National Academy of Sciences-defined scientific theories and, subsequently, improvements in public health.Systematic review registrationOpen Science Framework https://osf.io/3vhuj/

IntroductionThere is an urgent need for knowledge about the transgender population to inform the development of clinical protocols and training of health professionals on the unique issues affecting this population....

Scoping reviews offer a rigorous and systematic approach to examining the range and nature of literature in a particular field, identifying the existing literature and highlighting gaps where further exploration is required (Arksey & 0'Malley, 2005; Levac, Colquhoun, & O'Brien, 2010). In this article, we share our scoping review protocol—the explicit, step-by-step description of the plan for conducting the review, published separately and before completing the review. This genre of public documentation of our process is essential in scoping reviews to support careful planning and documentation, enable others to compare the protocol and completed review, support others in evaluating and/or replicating its methods, and encourage collaboration and development of follow-up research on the field (Shamseer et al, 2015).

The purpose of this article is to clearly describe how to develop a robust and detailed scoping review protocol, which is the first stage of the scoping review process. This paper provides detailed guidance and a checklist for prospective authors to ensure that their protocols adequately inform both the conduct of the ensuing review and their readership. Scoping reviews are a common approach to evidence synthesis for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers across a variety of fields. Scoping reviews are not concerned with making analytical comparisons based on pooling results data from multiple primary sources of evidence, but rather on collating and describing the evidence and presenting the summation in a clearly illustrated format. Methods for undertaking and reporting scoping reviews continue to be refined. Some prospective reviewers may be uncertain how to plan, structure, and report scoping review protocols, as there is little or no specific guidance for scoping review protocols yet available. This guidance was developed by members of the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group based on previous experience and expertise in developing scoping review and evidence synthesis methodologies, protocols, and reviews, as well as through experiences working with and guiding authors to develop scoping review protocols. Elements of a comprehensive scoping review protocol are outlined and explained in detail. Knowledge users of evidence syntheses rely on clear and transparent reporting to understand and use the results of published work to drive evidence-based improvements within health care and beyond. It is hoped that readers will be able to use this guidance when developing protocols to assist them in planning future scoping reviews and to carry them out with a high degree of transparency.

IntroductionCancer seriously threatens human health worldwide. Cancer cachexia is one of the life-threatening consequences that occurs commonly in patients with cancer, and severely worsens patient survival, prognosis and quality of...

IntroductionLung cancer has the second-ranked morbidity rate and the first-ranked mortality rate worldwide. With the progression of the cancer condition and the advancement of new treatments, the corresponding medical expenses...

The presence of medical librarians in the patient education team can greatly facilitate the patient education process. Expanding the role of medical librarians in patient education and using them in this process requires understanding the roles and services they can provide. This scoping review aims to identify different traditional and modern services and roles that medical librarians provide specifically in the patient education process. A scoping review protocol is reported, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols statement and guided by The Joanna Briggs Institute. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and LISTA (Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts) will be searched. A grey literature search and hand-searching of citations and reference lists of the included studies will also be undertaken. Studies with their full text are not available and are in languages other than English will be excluded. Two independent reviewers will screen titles/abstracts and full text of retrieved articles and eligibility disagreements within a pair will resolve by discussion or a third reviewer. Data charting will be done in accordance with the data extraction tool made in Excel. Findings will be presented as a narrative summary supported by tables and diagrams. Identifying the different services that medical librarians provide in the patient education process leads medical librarians to inform about the different services they can provide in the patient education process and to expand their roles as well as policymakers and hospital managers to be aware of these roles and use medical librarians in the patient education process appropriately. It also helps the general public and patients to learn about the services that medical librarians can provide them in this process.

BACKGROUND Background: Given the necessity of effective communication of healthcare providers, especially doctors, and nurses, with patients and the existence of many challenges in providing effective healthcare services, the present study aimed to identify healthcare provider-patient communication challenges and the facilitating and inhibiting factors underlying such communication using a scoping review protocol. OBJECTIVE Objectives: This scoping review protocol aims to systematically map existing evidence on HCP-patient communication challenges, with particular focus on identifying: (1) key barriers to effective communication, (2) facilitating factors that enhance interactions, and (3) critical gaps in current research. METHODS Materials & Methods: This study was conducted following the JBI method for scoping reviews, which focuses on studies that have addressed the relationship between healthcare providers (doctors, nurses, clinical specialists) and patients. The search strategy was applied in two PubMed and Embase databases including studies published since 2000 in English and Persian, without restrictions on the type of publication or study design. The participants in the studies were patients as well as healthcare providers and health professionals who had direct contact with patients. RESULTS Significance: The findings will provide valuable insights for healthcare policymakers, educators, and practitioners seeking to improve communication practices and enhance the quality of patient care. CONCLUSIONS Ethics of data publication: As a scoping review seeks to merge information from publicly available publications, this study does not require ethical approval. The findings from this study may be relevant to health policymakers who are interested in planning to improve the quality of healthcare services.

Introduction: Organ and tissue donation may be the only therapeutic possibility for some people with an end-stage disease. Good planning and scheduling is required to maximize this important activity. One way to increase the number and quality of organ donations could be to use the role of Nurse Transplant Coordinator. Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to map the literature to understand whether the figure of Nurse Transplant Coordinator can improve outcomes in the organ and tissue donation process. Inclusion criteria: All study designs carried out from 1990 to today will be included. Studies that include organ and tissue donations in which the figure of a specialized and dedicated nurse with a leadership role is present will be included in the scoping review protocol. Both public and private healthcare settings will be considered. Methods: The review protocol is carried out using the JBI manual for knowledge synthesis methodology and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The scoping review will be completed in five phases: determining the research question, research strategy, inclusion criteria, data extraction and synthesis and presentation of the results. The bibliographic search will be carried out on the Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and Google Scholar search engines. The screening of articles will take place in three phases. Data will be extracted independently by the authors using standardized tools. Data will be summarized and analyzed using graphs and tables and through descriptive and narrative analysis.

BackgroundThe experience of loneliness during pregnancy and in new parenthood has not been targeted and developed as a program of research, despite evidence indicating that the incidence of loneliness is highest in those aged 16 to 24 and that loneliness rises during transitional periods. The scarcity of parenthood-loneliness inquiries leaves a gap in our understanding of new parenthood and its effects on the health and well-being of parents and their children. Here, a scoping review protocol will be presented to address this gap. The objective of this study will be to summarize the current knowledge of loneliness experienced during pregnancy and by parents during the postpartum period through the first 5 years of the child’s life.MethodsA scoping review protocol was designed following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. We will include all types of literature in English, including all study designs, reviews, opinion articles, dissertations, reports, books, and grey literature. To be considered for inclusion, sources should focus on loneliness in pregnant persons, postpartum people, and parents of children 5 years or younger. We will search the following electronic databases (from inception onwards): MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Dissertations & Theses Global, Sociological s, Scopus, and Web of Science. Grey literature will be identified searching the British governmental website gov.uk, the Jo Cox Commission on Loneliness, the Campaign to End Loneliness, and the British Red Cross’s Action on Loneliness websites. Two reviewers, working independently of each other, will screen the titles and abstracts of the articles returned by the searches, then screen the selected full-text articles, and extract data. A third reviewer will cast the deciding vote in case no consensus is reached. Results will be given in the narrative form, mapped, and illustrated.DiscussionThis scoping review will capture the state of the current literature on loneliness in pregnancy and new parenthood. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. We anticipate that the study will identify gaps and make recommendations for future areas of study and related interventions. The protocol is available on Open Science Framework at DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/BFVPZ.

Background: Insertion of peripheral vascular access devices (PVADs) is the most commonly performed invasive medical procedure worldwide. Peripheral vascular access devices pose a significant risk of complications, especially in older adults, who experience age-related changes in skin, connective tissue, and veins. Adults older than 65 years old have the highest rate of hospital admissions, and a higher prevalence of co-morbid conditions than do younger adults. Despite the risks, PVADs in this population have not been well-explored. Aim: To identify the available evidence on PVADs in older adult populations, including patient experience. This scoping review protocol will function as a framework for a review, using a systematic process of published and grey literature. The population is adults 65 years of age and over. Methods: The Johanna Briggs Institute methodology, built on the Arksey and O’Malley framework, will guide this scoping review. A search of electronic medical databases will be conducted. Grey literature searches will supplement the electronic database searches. A data extraction tool will be employed for screening and data extraction. The PRISMA-ScR flow chart will be used to present the methodological process, and the extracted data will be tabulated with a narrative summary. Conclusion: This scoping review protocol provides the framework that underpins the scoping review, which will explore the existing evidence to inform future research.

BackgroundThe last three decades have seen a growth in the number of children requiring long-term ventilation. Children with long-term ventilation present with underlying respiratory and neurological conditions that place them at risk of feeding and swallowing difficulties. To date, a scoping review or systematic review investigating the feeding and swallowing outcomes of children with long-term ventilation needs has not been conducted.AimsThis paper describes a protocol for a scoping review of the feeding and swallowing outcomes of children receiving long-term ventilation.MethodsThis scoping review protocol will utilize the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology guideline. Our review will focus on the feeding and swallowing outcomes of children aged 0 to 18 years with long-term ventilation needs. A full search strategy initially created by the authors and a research librarian was conducted on the PubMed database. Following this, pilot testing took place to determine discrepancies in eligibility criteria. A full search strategy will be conducted across several databases. A data extraction form has been developed by the authors and will be used during the scoping review process.DiscussionThis protocol has been created to provide a rigorous and comprehensive basis for undertaking a scoping review. All necessary steps have been completed in order to commence the scoping review.RegistrationThis scoping review protocol was registered on Open Science Framework on the 26th November 2021 (Registration DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/NQBPD).

Background: Young carers are young people who care for a relative or a friend with an illness, disability, frailty, a mental health issue or addiction. Across the world, it is challenging to calculate the exact numbers due to the invisible nature of their role that can exist due to stigmatisation and fear of authoritative intrusion. As young carers reach 16 years and over, future career prospects become more significant. Young carers are more likely than their peers not to be in education, employment, or training and are more likely to do poorly at school or college than their non-caregiving peers due to the demands of caring. Recognising that positive engagement at school is a vital correlate of positive employment outcomes, young carers are at risk as their caring role can limit the range of employment opportunities open to them. This paper outlines the protocol for a robust synthesis of the literature surrounding young carers and their career perceptions. The scoping review will address the research question ‘What is known from the literature about young carers in school and their career perceptions?’ The overall aim of this paper is to present a protocol for the scoping review to map the key concepts, types of evidence, and gaps in research related to young carers in school and their future careers.Methods: The review will follow Arksey and O’Malley (2005) and Levacet al.’s, (2010) scoping review framework. The steps involved include: (1) research question identification; (2) relevant studies identification; (3) selection of studies; (4) data charting; (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results; and (6) stakeholders' consultation.Conclusions: The scoping review is an appropriate first step to employ in presenting the literature to inform a larger research study on young carers’ experiences in school and their perceptions regarding their future careers.

Background: Young carers are individuals under 18 years who care for a relative with an illness, disability, a mental health issue or addiction. Across the world, it is challenging to calculate the exact numbers due to the invisible nature of their role that can exist due to stigmatisation and fear of authoritative intrusion. As young carers reach 16 years and over, future career prospects become more significant. Young carers are more likely than their peers not to be in education, employment, or training and are more likely to do poorly at school or college than their non-caregiving peers due to the demands of caring. Recognising that positive engagement at school is a vital correlate of positive employment outcomes, young carers are at risk as their caring role can limit the range of employment opportunities open to them. This paper outlines the protocol for a robust synthesis of the literature surrounding young carers and their career perceptions. The scoping review will address the research question 'What is known from the literature about young carers in school and their career perceptions?' The overall aim of this paper is to present a protocol for the scoping review to map the key concepts, types of evidence, and gaps in research related to young carers in school and their future careers. Methods: The review will follow Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and Levac et al.'s, (2010) Scoping Review Framework. The steps involved include: (1) research question identification; (2) relevant studies identification; (3) selection of studies; (4) data charting; (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results; and (6) stakeholders consultation. Conclusions: The scoping review is an appropriate first step to employ in presenting the literature to inform a larger research study on young carers' experiences in school and their perceptions regarding their future careers.

IntroductionEvidence shows that women in sub-Saharan Africa have high rates of cervical cancer (CC) mortality compared with women in high-income countries. Effective screening programmes have significantly reduced the burden of...