Abstract
In the present chapter, we investigated the operation of a water treatment plant for wastewater reuse and production of demineralised water. The plant consisted of coagulation with iron salts, lime softening, and powdered activated carbon unit, followed by multimedia filtration and ultrafiltration. The water was then treated with reverse osmosis and finally with ion exchange, consisted of cation, anion, and mixed bed exchange resins. Inlet water had total organic carbon (TOC) concentration of 10–12 mg/L, turbidity of 10–15 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU) and conductivity of 3500–4500 μS/cm. Treated water had TOC of less than 0.2 mg/L, turbidity of 0.1 NTU and conductivity of 0.055 μS/cm. The plant was operating under zero liquid discharge conditions for the treatment of any liquid waste generated within the plant. This treatment process could find applications in ports in water short areas, where wastewater reuse could serve as a viable alternative to conventional water sources and improve the environmental sustainability of the ports.
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