Abstract
The low-pressure sprinklers have been widely used to replace the high-pressure impact sprinklers in the lateral move sprinkler irrigation system due to its low operating cost and high efficiency. However, runoff losses under the low-pressure sprinkler irrigation machine can be significant. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the variable pulsed irrigation algorithm (VPIA) in reducing the runoff losses under low-pressure lateral move sprinkler irrigation machine for three different soil types. The VPIA uses the ON-OFF pulsing technique to reduce the runoff losses by controlling the number and width of the pulses considering the soil and the irrigation machine properties. Also, the VPIA aims to achieve a balance between four critical goals: reduce the runoff losses, deliver the highest possible irrigation depth, ensure a high level of water distribution uniformity in the direction movement, and with the lowest number of pulses. From a wide range of pulses numbers and widths tested applying a certain water depth to three soil types (Loamy Sand, Sandy Loam, Loam), the best solution that satisfies the algorithm goals was selected. A MATLAB code was written to simulate the soil infiltration rate, the sprinkler application rate, and to apply the proposed algorithm. The simulation results show a runoff reduction of at least 91.76% for Loamy sand, 90.7% for Sandy Loam, and 97.79% for Loam soils with a high level of distribution uniformity while delivering the highest possible irrigation depth using the lowest number of pulses.
Highlights
Due to restrictions and limitations on agricultural water worldwide, one of the most effective ways to conserve water in this sector is to reduce the water losses and improve irrigation uniformity [1]
The MATLAB code was written to apply the variable pulsed irrigation algorithm (VPIA) on the selected sprinkler system described in table 2, to irrigate a three different soil types Loamy Sand, Sandy Loam and Loam
The simulation results demonstrated that the VPIA is efficient in reducing the runoff losses while delivering a high irrigation depth with a high level of distribution uniformity with lowest pulse numbers for different soil types
Summary
Due to restrictions and limitations on agricultural water worldwide, one of the most effective ways to conserve water in this sector is to reduce the water losses and improve irrigation uniformity [1]. As well as crop production, is a significant objective in the design and management of irrigation systems [2]. The self-propelled sprinkler irrigation has stood out as an efficient type of pressurised irrigation methods [3]. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd sprinkler irrigation machines irrigate more than 12.5 million hectares worldwide [4], and they become widely used to replace the other conventional irrigation methods such as the flood irrigation and some types of sprinklers irrigation [5]. The self-propelled sprinkler systems are suitable for almost all crops, and all types of topography and they have a high level of automation [7]. The application efficiency for the self-propelled sprinkler systems is the higher among all the other types of sprinkler systems [5]
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