Application of traditional Chinese medicine nutrition nursing plan based on traditional Chinese medicine constitutional type in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites

See related article, pages 1973–1979. The lack of effective and widely applicable pharmacological treatments for ischemic stroke patients may explain a growing interest in traditional medicines, for which extensive observational and anecdotal experience has accumulated over the past thousand years. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines traditional medicine as “health practices, approaches, knowledge and beliefs incorporating plant, animal and mineral based medicines, spiritual therapies, manual techniques and exercises, applied singularly or in combination to treat, diagnose and prevent illnesses or maintain well-being”.1 Unlike Western medicine, which focuses on disease, traditional medicine takes the approach that the body provides external clues to an internal imbalance that can be addressed by interventions such as herbs and acupuncture (holistic treatment approach).2 According to a 2003 WHO report,1 traditional medicine is very popular in all developing countries, and its use is rapidly increasing in industrialized countries. For example, traditional herbal preparations account for 30% to 50% of the total medicinal consumption in China. In Europe, North America and other industrialized regions, over 50% of the population have used traditional medicine at least once. The global market for herbal medicines currently stands at over US $60 billion annually and is growing steadily.1 In recent years, several reviews have been published on the effect and potential benefits of traditional Eastern medicine in stroke.3–7 It has been suggested that some herbal medicines, or their products, may improve microcirculation in the brain,4,8 protect against ischemic reperfusion injury,8,9 possess neuroprotective properties3,4 and inhibit apoptosis,10 thus justifying their use in ischemic stroke patients. However, unlike industrially manufactured pharmacological drugs used in Western medicine, the active (potent) components of herbal medicines often have not been specified and measured precisely, although there have been recent attempts to regulate dosages and use of …

Objective To explore the effect of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） constitution theory on health education for elderly patients with thoraeolumbar vertebral compression fractures. Methods Totals of 120 elderly patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures were divided into the observation group and the control group （each group of 60 cases）. The control group was given routine health education, and the TCM constitution theory was used for the observation group. Individualized health education combined with routine health education were carried out after evaluating patients＇ TCM constitution type, ac, cording to phlegm wet mass, yang deficiency, yin deficiency, qi deficiency, qi depression. Results The scores of disease knowledge, health care knowledge and health education score in the observation group were （86.6 ± 1.6 ）, （83.2 ±1.9） and （95.2 ± 2.0）, which were significantly higher than （71.9 ± 1.7）, （76. 1 ±2. 1 ） and （81.3 ± 1.7）in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （t =48. 774, 19. 419, 41. 018, respeetively;P 〈 0.05）. After the intervention, the score of nursing satisfaction in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The score of quality of life in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （ t = 4. 600, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Health education according to different constitution of traditional Chinese medicine is effective for elderly patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures. Key words: Nursing of traditional Chinese medicine ; Health education ; Spinal fractures ; Fracture, compression; Constitution

Objective To explore the clinical effect of nursing care by traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine for chronic pulmonary heart disease. Methods A total of 120 patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease treated at our hospital from October, 2014 to October, 2016 were randomly divided into an observation group (60 cases) and a control group (60 cases). The control group were given traditional western care and the observation group nursing care by traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. The nursing effects of the two groups were compared. Results After nursing care by traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine, the nursing efficacy was 95.0% in the observation group and was 76.6% in the control group, with a statistical difference (P < 0.05). Conclusions Through nursing care by traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine for patients with chronic pulmonary heart disease, we can recognize the nursing key points, closely observe the disease changes, deal with the complications in time, and give the patients psychological nursing care and improve the patients' quality of life, so it is worth for reference. Key words: Chronic pulmonary heart disease; Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Nursing care

Objective To evaluate the effect of chronic disease nursing of traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on depression in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) . Methods From June 2015 to June 2016, 120 CHB patients with various degree of depression were divided into control group and observation group with 60 each. Patients in control group received routine medical treatment and nursing. Patients in the observation group on the basis of routine medical treatment and nursing were combined with chronic disease nursing of TCM. We compared the difference of SDS score, TCM syndrome and SF-36 score between the two groups before and after intervention. Results After intervention, the SDS score of observation group dropped from (57.95±3.42) to (47.68±4.46) . The SDS score of control group dropped from (57.40±3.83) to (49.62±5.30) . The SDS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (t=2.161 9, P<0.05) . The total effective rate of TCM syndromes in observation group was 86.67%. The total effective rate of TCM syndromes in control group was 71.67% (χ2=6.442 3, P<0.05) . The difference total score of SF-36 between before and after in the observation group (1.00 ± 0.65) was higher than that of the control group (0.73 ± 0.74) (t=2.131 8, P<0.05) . Conclusions The nursing management of chronic diseases in TCM can relieve the depression and improve the quality of life in CHB patients. Key words: Hepatitis B; Depression; Chronic disease management; Nursing of traditional Chinese medicine

Objective To explore the characteristics of constitution according to traditional Chinese medicine and the anxiety susceptibility of the population, providing the theoretical basis for carrying out population intervention in anxiety and taking full advantage of the preventive treatment by investigating anxiety emotion of patients. Methods A cross-sectional study method was adopted. 317 anxiety patients were recruited into an observation group and another 251 anxiety patients were recruited into a control group. Based on the traditional Chinese medicine constitution scale we defined every participant’s constitution type and got the distribution of different constitution types among all the participants. Then we usedχ2 test and binary regression to analyze the impact of constitution on anxiety. Result The observation group constitution type distribution：Qi stagnation（19.24%）, Qi deficiency（16.40%）, blood stasis（15.46%）, damp heat （11.04%）, Yang deficiency（10.41%）, Yin deficiency（8.83%）, phlegm dampness（6.62%）, mild quality（5.99%）, special intrinsic quality（5.99%）. The control group constitution type distribution：damp heat（17.53%）, Yin deficiency （14.34%）, phlegm dampness （13.94%）, Yang deficiency（11.55%）,mild quality （11.55%）, Qi stagnation （8.76%）, Qi deficiency （8.37%）, blood stasis （7.97%）, special intrinsic quality （5.98%）. The result ofχ2 test showed that the distribution of constitution types among participants in the observation group were different from that in the control group and the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）. The binary regression result showed that the three constitutions of Qi stagnation, Qi deficiency and blood stasis had significantly positive correlation with anxiety（P〈0.05）. Odds ratios showed Exp of Qi stagnation, Qi deficiency and blood stasis was 4.447, 3.942 and 3.929. while the other six constitutions are independent factors to anxiety. Conclusion Qi＆nbsp;stagnation, Qi deficiency and blood stasis constitutions were possible risk factors for anxiety. Key words: Anxiety; Traditional Chinese medical constitution; Qi stagnation constitution; Qi deficiency constitution; Blood stasis constitution; Binary logistic regression

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and integrative medicine are key components of the cultural heritage from Eastern Asia with thousands-of-years history in research and healthcare delivery. Traditional oriental medicine contributes significantly to the prosperity of Chinese and Eastern Asian culture. After the introduction of western biomedicine to Asia, traditional medicine still plays an important role in the healthcare system of many Asian countries and integrated with the mainstream medical treatments as a new track of healthcare named as integrative medicine. With the current trend of globalization, traditional medicine and integrative medicine are receiving gradual acceptance in the Western world. As a result, studies on traditional medicine attract more and more attention from researchers with various knowledge backgrounds and technologies. Medical informatics is a new interdisciplinary branch in medical science when computer science and information technology are combined with research of health science. The application of medical informatics that has extended to the studies of traditional medicine and other therapies of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). The special issue supported by this journal provides a forum for traditional and integrative medical researchers and practitioners to share and exchange their new ideas on using computer science and information technology to explore and solve problems in healthcare. It is proposed with the Fifth International Workshop on Information Technology for Chinese Medicine (ITCM 2014) in Guangzhou, China, on 12 to 14 December 2014. The workshop is in conjunction with the 2014 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM'14), which was held in Belfast, UK, on 2 to 5 November 2014. Professor Xusheng Liu, Professor Honglai Zhang, and Professor Guozheng Li cochaired the workshop. The conference invited top experts from the US, UK, Australia, and Hong Kong to present their inspiring research outcomes and prospect the future of traditional and integrative medicine. However, numerous scientists and researchers were unable to introduce their excellent idea due to time limit of the workshop. The ITCM 2014 received about 100 submissions. All papers were anonymously reviewed by members of the IEEE conference organization committee. The accepted papers were published in the Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine Workshops (IEEE-BIBMW) (ISBN 978-1-4799-1309-1). Just a few excellent papers were later invited to submit the extension version to the special issue alongside external submissions for consideration of publishing. This special issue has received 37 submissions. All papers have gone through rigorous view, and only 10 of them (27%) are finally accepted for publication. This special issue reflects the up-to-date progress in applications of information technology to traditional and integrative medicine. The papers are categorized to represent the four aspects of medical informatics research of the discipline. In the paper entitled “Standardization of Syndrome Differentiation Defined by Traditional Chinese Medicine in Operative Breast Cancer: A Modified Delphi Study,” Q. Guo and Q. Chen present their research on TCM syndromes. Five papers are selected to demonstrate the research progress in disease diagnosis and treatment. G.-X. Shi et al. report a clinical study on vascular dementia. Z. Chen presents a new mathematics method to explore the classical theory of five elements in TCM in his work “Researches on Mathematical Relationship of Five Elements of Containing Notes and Fibonacci Sequence Modulo 5.” In “Syndrome Differentiation Analysis on MARS500 Data of Traditional Chinese Medicine,” Y.-Z. Li et al. succeed to use MARS500 to process the data of traditional medicine. The paper entitled “Detecting Disease in Radiographs with Intuitive Confidence” by S. Jaeger introduces the new idea to use informatics method to detect disease. Three papers are about information processing of traditional medicine. The paper entitled “Patterns Exploration on Patterns of Empirical Herbal Formula of Chinese Medicine by Association Rules” by L. Huang et al. used association rules to retrieve patterns from classical traditional medical formula. B. Zhang et al. proposed a bioinformatics approach to explore the latent patterns from conventional formula Shuang-Huang-Lian in their work “Using Bioinformatics Approach to Explore the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Multiple Ingredients in Shuang-Huang-Lian.” The paper entitled “Pulse-Diagnosis Signals Analysis of Fatty Liver Disease and Cirrhosis Patients by Using Machine Learning” by N. Wang et al. introduces new data mining method to process diagnostic data of liver disease. Finally, the paper entitled “An Ensemble Learning Based Framework for Traditional Chinese Medicine Data Analysis with ICD-10 Labels” by G. Zhang et al. and the paper entitled “ISMAC: An Intelligent System for Customized Clinical Case Management and Analysis” introduce the applications of machine learning to electronic data analysis of traditional medicine.

Is There Room for Paradox in CAM?

Objective To explore the effects of antihypertensive exercise combined with traditional Chinese medicine characteristic nursing in preventive care among elderly hypertension patients. Methods From June 2017 to June 2018, this study selected 136 elderly patients in Department of Health Care in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All of patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 68 cases in each group. Control group carried out the traditional Chinese medicine characteristic nursing. On the basis of that in control group, observation group combined with the antihypertensive exercise. The scores of two groups were compared with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) , Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) , Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Self-Efficacy Scale, and blood pressure before and after intervention were compared. Results Six months after intervention, the scores of SAS, SDS and PSQI of patients in observation group were (40.28±2.63) , (45.04±2.83) and (5.36±1.02) respectively lower than those in control group with statistical differences (P<0.05) . The scores of Self-Efficacy Scale of patients in observation group and control group were (7.82±0.75) and (6.14±1.03) with a statistical difference (P<0.05) . Six months after intervention, the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure of patients in observation group were (133.13±6.15) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and (92.03±3.54) mmHg statistically lower than those in control group (P<0.05) . Conclusions Traditional Chinese medicine characteristic nursing combined with antihypertensive exercise has significant effects in preventive care among elderly hypertension patients which can improve anxiety, depression, sleep quality and self-efficacy, and lower blood pressure. Key words: Blood pressure; Traditional Chinese medicine characteristic nursing; Antihypertensive exercise; Preventive medicine for the aged

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Chinese medicine acupoint sticking at Shenque and Yongquan in adjuvant treatment of pregnancy resistance. Methods From January 2015 to January 2018, 210 patients with preeclampsia were selected in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Pinghu. According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into control group(n=105) and observation group (n=105). The control group was treated with routine infusions. In the observation group, Shenque Yongquan two-acupoint traditional Chinese medicine was applied as an adjuvant therapy on the basis of the control group. The treatment effects of the two groups after 5 days and 10 days treatment were observed, and the disappearance rate of the main symptoms and the recurrence rate within 2 weeks after treatment were observed. Results The total effective rates of the observation group after treatment for 5 days and treatment for 10 days were 68.57%(72/105) and 98.10%(103/105), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control group [51.43%(54/105) and 71.43%(75/105)], the differences were statistically significant(χ2=6.429, 28.905, all P<0.05). The disappearance rates of vomiting, dizziness and burnout in the observation group were 50.48%, 44.57% and 34.12%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (70.48%, 71.28% and 80.90%)(χ2=8.786, 13.624, 39.071, all P<0.05). The recurrence rate of the observation group (2.86%) with in 2 weeks was significantly lower than 22.86% of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=18.743, P<0.05). Conclusion Shenque Yongquan two-acupoint Chinese traditional medicine sticking combined with conventional infusion therapy has significant clinical effect in the treatment of pregnancy resistance. Key words: Pregnancy complications; Hyperemesis gravidarum; Shenque acupoint; Yongquan acupoint; Drugs, Chinese herbal; Administration, topical

[Objective]To observe the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with western medicine in treatment for ascites caused by cirrhosis of liver.[Methods]80 cases of ascites caused by the cirrhosis of liver were enrolled randomly and divided into treated group and control group,with 40 cases for each group.40 of them were treated with TCM on the basis of western medicine.Others as control group were treated with western medicine only.[Results]The effective rate of the treated group was 92.5％,the control group was 80.0％.There was significant difference between two groups after comparison (P＜ 0.05).[Conclusion]TCM combined with western medicine possesses a better effect for ascites caused by the cirrhosis of liver than using only western medicine. Key words: Cirrhosis of liver; Ascites; Traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine

Objective To explore the effects of cluster nursing and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Methods Totally 76 patients with severe acute pancreatitis admitted in Yantai Zhifu Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected by convenient sampling and divided into the control group (n=38) and the observation group (n=38) according to the random number table. Patients in the control group received routine nursing, while patients in the observation group received cluster nursing and TCM nursing on this basis. The nursing effect, quality of life, related hospitalization indicators, and nursing satisfaction rate were observed and analyzed between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of nursing in the observation group was 89.47% (24/38) , which was higher than 63.15% (24/38) in the control group (P<0.05) ; the the MOS Item Short From Health Survey score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the hospitalization costs and length of hospital stay in the observation group were less than those in the control group , nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group was higher than control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusions The implementation of cluster nursing and TCM nursing for patients with severe acute pancreatitis can enhance the nursing effect, reduce the treatment cost, and improve the quality of life of patients. Key words: Pancreatitis; Quality of life; Cluster nursing; Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing; Nursing effect; Satisfaction

Objective To explore the effects of dialectic nursing-oriented hybrid teaching model in pediatric nursing teaching in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) . Methods Totally 113 nursing students from 2 classes (midwifery) admitted in 2015 in the School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine were selected by convenient sampling. All the subjects were female. The 2 classes were divided into the observation group (n=58) or the control group (n=55) by coin tossing. Nursing students in the control group received traditional teaching, while nursing students in the observation group were taught with the dialectic nursing-oriented hybrid teaching model. At the end of the course, the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) was used to evaluate their dialectic nursing ability; and the Self-Rating Scale of Self-Directed Learning (SRSSDL) was used to evaluate their self-directed learning ability. Results At the end of the course, the total score of dialectic nursing and scores of various dimensions of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P>0.05) . The total score of self-directed learning ability and scores of learning awareness, learning behavior, learning strategy and interpersonal skills of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusions The hybrid teaching model in TCM pediatric nursing teaching in universities of Chinese medicine can enhance nursing students' dialectic nursing ability, help to cultivate their self-directed learning ability and achieve the best teaching results. Key words: Students, nursing; Hybrid teaching; Dialectic nursing; Traditional Chinese medicine nursing teaching

WHO International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Chinese Medicine: Use in Context, Creatively

Objective To explore the feasibility , necessity and teaching content of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine nursing education in Adult Nursing curriculum, and to provide the basis of building the content of textbook on the integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in Adult Nursing.Methods One hundred and sixty experts , who were chief editors , deputy editors and editors and attended the meeting to compile the nursing textbook for National Traditional Chinese Medicine University in August 14-16th, 2011 in Hangzhou, were surveyed by self-designed questionnaire .Results Thinking that Chinese nurses should receive the traditional Chinese medicine nursing education accounted for 80%;Thinking that carrying out the integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine nursing in the clinical practice was necessary accounted for 93.1%;Thinking that clinical nursing course should combine with the knowledge of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine nursing accounted for 73.8%; Thinking that clinical nursing course should be integrated into the health preserving of traditional Chinese medicine and preventive health care knowledge accounted for 88.7%.Thinking that the disease kinds which fitted to combine with more than 50%of knowledge of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine nursing were 44 in the common diseases of medicine and surgery .Conclusions The content of textbook on Adult Nursing should combine with the knowledge of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine nursing , and that is feasibility and necessity . Key words: Nursing education; Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Undergraduate textbook; Adult nursing

Objective To observe the clinical effects of medicine-separated moxibustion in treating renal edema. Methods Totally 134 patients with renal edema in the first affiliated hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from July 2014 to June 2015 were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group by random number table. Patients in the observation group received conventional nursing and medicine-separated moxibustion treatment, while patients in the control group received conventional treatment and nursing. The clinical effect and patient satisfaction were compared in two groups. Results The total efficiency of hematuria was 96.97% and negative conversion rate was 54.55% in the observation group. The total efficiency of hematuria was 80.56% and negative conversion rate was 36.11% in the control group. The data in the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group (χ2=4.526, P<0.05). The total efficiency of proteinuria was 92.68% and negative conversion rate was 58.54% in the observation group. The total efficiency of hematuria was 79.07% and negative conversion rate was 46.51% in the control group. Data in the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group (χ2=5.591, P<0.05). The weights of patients were lost, urine volume in 24 hours increased and muscle circumference decreased. Besides that, the effect in the observation group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The patient satisfaction of the observation group (100.00%) was significantly better than that in the control group (78.79%) (P<0.01). Conclusions The medicine-separated moxibustion combined with western medicine can help to improve the clinical efficacy and negative conversion rates of hematuria and proteinuria; reduce the patient′s weight, increase urine volume in 24 hours; and significantly reduce leg circumference in treating the patients with renal edema. in addition, it can greatly reduce the relapse of edema, and it is beneficial to improve patient satisfaction, which should be applied to the clinical treatment. Key words: Renal edema; Traditional Chinese medicine; Medicine-separated moxibustion