Application of tillage methods and seed disinfection techniques for the development and spread of diseases in spring wheat crops

Abstract

Improving the tillage system will stabilize the agricultural sector of the Krasnoyarsk Region and meet the growing demand for agricultural products. The principles of minimizing mechanical tillage and preserving plant residues on its surface are the basis of the technology of conservation agriculture. Among the new agro-ecological advantages of the technology is the reduction of dependence on weather conditions thanks to effective moisture conservation. Improvement of the soil structure by reducing the pressure on it, partial replenishment of natural fertility by reducing (by 25-30%) the rate of humus mineralization. It is based on soil fertility management, minimum and combined tillage; differentiated fertilizer system. Zero sowing on the predecessor stubble - an element of technology - contributes to the accumulation of moisture, disruption of the plough-pan, an increase in the microbiological activity of the soil, etc. Presowing seed preparation is a technological technique that can increase the yield of wheat. Seed disinfection techniques significantly affect the development and spread of diseases in spring wheat crops. A systematic, scientifically grounded approach to phytosanitary rehabilitation of agrocenoses will ensure the prevention of chemical contamination of soil and agricultural products, an increase in yield (by 15-20%), a decrease in production costs per unit of produced products (by 10-15%), and an increase in production profitability.