Abstract
A very attractive and relatively simple option to simulate a DC-DC converter is to use a hybrid model. In this case, the need to use very small simulation steps (as those necessary to simulate models carried out at the physical level) is avoided. Furthermore, unlike the averaged state-space models, it has the advantage that the model is valid throughout the entire working range of the converter and for both conduction modes (continuous and discontinuous). By simulating several renewable energy conversion systems incorporating DC-DC converters, the authors have discovered the true potential of this modeling method. Despite its inherent advantages, this approach to DC-DC converters simulation is not as widely adopted as it should be. This work tries to encourage the reader of its use in certain typical situations. In this article the implementation of the hybrid model of the DC-DC Buck-Boost converter, using Statechart techniques, is performed. This model was written in the Stateflow language, a tool from the MATLAB®/Simulink environment, and allowed the creation of a building block formed by the described converter model with adequate interfaces to the SimPowerSystem and Simulink environments. The block is validated by comparing simulation results, realized under different operating conditions, with calculations done employing well-known and proven formulas. As an example of the use of the presented block, a buck-boost DC-DC converter with voltage and current control loops is simulated, corroborating its correct performance
Highlights
DC-DC converters are used in many applications
Examples of these are the wellknown, PSPICE and PSIM simulation packages [1] [2]. This type of model allows analyzing in detail the commutation process between switches and diodes, to design gate drive circuits, studying effects of the inverse recovery time of diodes, evaluating the performance of snubber circuits, quantifying switching and conduction losses, etc. The simulation of these models involves the use of variable-step numerical integration routines to solve the non-linear differential equations of the model
The simulation will require a lot of computation time to observe a significant temporal evolution of the slower subsystem, since the simulation step will be
Summary
DC-DC converters are used in many applications. Two applications that are of great relevance today are renewable energy conversion systems and electric vehicles. Examples of these are the wellknown, PSPICE and PSIM simulation packages [1] [2] This type of model allows analyzing in detail the commutation process between switches and diodes, to design gate drive circuits, studying effects of the inverse recovery time of diodes, evaluating the performance of snubber circuits, quantifying switching and conduction losses, etc. The simulation of these models involves the use of variable-step numerical integration routines to solve the non-linear differential equations of the model. In this article the hybrid model of the buck-boost DC-DC converter is presented, implementing the reactive part with the Statechart tool, using the Stateflow language and the continuous part using library blocks of the MATLAB®/Simulink environment. An example of the use of the proposed block is presented to simulate a Buck-Boost DC-DC converter with an external output voltage control loop and an internal average input current control loop
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