Abstract
A land reclamation and ground improvement project requires an extensive study of underlying soils, fill material, performance of ground improvement works and shore-protection structures. The area of the Changi East project in Singapore is underlain by soft compressible soils, which will be filled with a greater thickness of granular soil; the project will create shore-protection structures. Therefore, the large magnitude of settlement and stability of shore-protection structures were major issues for the project. A ground improvement and engineering design process was required. This process required a detailed and comprehensive study of the ground profile and characterisation of underlying soils and fill material. Characterisation and interpretation of geotechnical parameters of soils applying specialised in situ testing has become popular due to its unique feature of measuring parameters under in situ conditions. The measured data from specialised in situ tests can be interpreted to obtain geotechnical parameters quickly in addition to soil classification and profiling without the need to collect samples. This paper presents application of specialised in situ tests as well as interpretation of measured data for land reclamation and ground improvement projects. This paper also discusses how these in situ testing methods were utilised to monitor and verify the progress of ground improvement.
Highlights
The Changi East reclamation projects in Singapore were implemented in five phases starting from 1991 and were completed in 2005
More tests were carried out to profile the ground as well as to characterise the underlying soils. These specialised in situ tests were carried out during reclamation and ground improvement works to monitor the progress of the ground improvement processes as well as after reclamation and ground improvement to verify the performance of reclamation and ground improvement works
In situ field vane shear tests using a Geonor vane and specialised in situ tests such as CPTUs, dilatometer tests (DMTs) and SBPMTs were carried out side by side at several locations within the pilot test areas of the land reclamation project
Summary
Application of specialised in situ tests in Changi East reclamation projects, Singapore. A land reclamation and ground improvement project requires an extensive study of underlying soils, fill material, performance of ground improvement works and shore-protection structures. A ground improvement and engineering design process was required This process required a detailed and comprehensive study of the ground profile and characterisation of underlying soils and fill material. Characterisation and interpretation of geotechnical parameters of soils applying specialised in situ testing has become popular due to its unique feature of measuring parameters under in situ conditions. The measured data from specialised in situ tests can be interpreted to obtain geotechnical parameters quickly in addition to soil classification and profiling without the need to collect samples. This paper presents application of specialised in situ tests as well as interpretation of measured data for land reclamation and ground improvement projects. This paper discusses how these in situ testing methods were utilised to monitor and verify the progress of ground improvement
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