Abstract
This work carries out a numerical investigation on aluminum oxide/de-ionized water nanofluid based shield-free parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) system to evaluate, validate, and optimize the experimental output data. A numerical model is developed using response surface methodology (RSM) for evaluation (identifying influencing parameters and its level) and single objective approach (SOA) technique of desirability function analysis (DFA) for optimization. The experimental data ensured that global efficiency was enhanced from 61.8% to 67.0% for an increased mass flow rate from 0.02 kg/s to 0.06 kg/s, respectively. The overall deviation between experimental and numerical is only 0.352%. The energy and exergy error is varied from 3.0% to 6.0%, and the uncertainty of the experiment is 3.1%. Based on the desirability function analysis, the maximum and minimum efficiencies are 49.7% and 84.9%, as per the SOA technique. This numerical model explores the way to enhance global efficiency by 26.72%.
Highlights
Solar energy is coming under the category of renewable sources of energy like others sources, such as wind, geothermal, biomass, and ocean energy
Mohsen and Mostafa (2018) used water, Al2O3/water nanofluid, and CuO/water nanofluid as heat transfer fluid (HTF) in flat plate solar collectors
The parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) experimental platform was tested for various nanofluid concentrations (0 ≥ φ ≤ 4.0%) and mass flow rate (0.02 ≥ ɱ ≤ 0.06kg/s) to investigate global efficiency
Summary
Solar energy is coming under the category of renewable sources of energy like others sources, such as wind, geothermal, biomass, and ocean energy. The unique features of solar energy like reliability, accessibility, and low-cost energy acquiring technology make it always in limelight status. All these points support solar energy to adopt in various kinds of domestic and industrial applications (Farshad and Sheikholeslami, 2019). Mohsen and Mostafa (2018) used water, Al2O3/water nanofluid, and CuO/water nanofluid as heat transfer fluid (HTF) in flat plate solar collectors. They studied the performance analytically using an artificial neural network tool and ensured less than ±2% deviation. Reza et al (2019) reviewed the efficiency enhancement techniques such as using nanofluid as HTF, design parameter, performance factor, economic factor, and comparison of results
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