Abstract
Abstract The current study was performed to test filtration media system performance on quality of water purification and to evaluate optical properties, such as reflection, transmission and absorption intensities for filtered water using a spectrophotometer operating in the range 350–400 nm. Head losses through filtration system at the experiments were equal to 20, 40, and 60 kPa. With the progress of the filtration process and increase in different head loss (from 20 to 60 kPa), both the content of total suspended solid and turbidity in optical properties intensities for filtrated water increased, together with the water cloudiness. It is shown that the intensity of optical properties can be considered a reliable indicator that to determine the need for backwashing of the filtration system.
Highlights
Micro-irrigation systems (MIS) are an appealing choice for saving water in Egypt, where water resources are limited (Puig-Bargués et al 2010)
The only parameters whose removal efficiency differed, caused by the different hlm, were total suspended solids (TSS) and turbidity Tu (FNU). This was in agreement with the previous experiments with Nile water (Adin & Elimelech 1989; Ravina et al 1997; Elbana et al 2012), using the same gravel filter
The efficiency of suspended solids was reduced from 11.4 to 48.0% using the sand filter filled with different media
Summary
Micro-irrigation systems (MIS) (surface drip irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation) are an appealing choice for saving water in Egypt, where water resources are limited (Puig-Bargués et al 2010). Sand or gravel filtering followed by screen and disc filters (Puig-Bargués et al 2005a) are those that provide MIS with better protection (Capra & Scicolone 2004; Hamoda et al 2004; Burt & Styles 2007; Trooien & Hills 2007) because they exhibit the highest removal efficiency (Er) for total suspended solids (TSS) organic compounds, phosphorus and microorganisms (Naghavi & Malone 1986; Haman et al 1994; Capra & Scicolone 2007; Dalahmeh et al 2012)
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