Abstract
An experimental study performed to investigate the effect of nanofluid forced convection heat transfer and fluid flow characteristic. Three types of nanofluids {γAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CuO and ZrO<sub>2</sub>-DIW} flow under laminar or turbulent condition in inner pipe. The shear thinning behavior of blood is more accurately modeled by non-Newtonian Blood Mimic Fluids BMF. Here heat transfer and friction factor correlations developed for nonreactive Newtonian and non-Newtonian BMF fluids of (water: glycerol: xanthan gums) and heparinized bovine blood. The results show that the BMF Nussult number (Nu<sub>b</sub>) increased as increasing Graetz number, and as flow index (n) decreasing. Bovine blood gives the temperatures distribution similar to (BMF6) but with lower Nusselt number by (31.2%). The BMF friction factor increases with decreasing (n), but the Bovine blood gives higher friction factor as compared with BMF6 by (25.6%). It was observed that all nanofluids types showed higher heat transfer characteristics than the base fluid DIW. It was also noted that in the γAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> shows higher enhancement than the other by (82.4%) at (Re<sub>nf</sub> =12670) and (<i>ɸ=1 vol.% </i>). Comparisons present experimental results with previously reported results it gives good agreement.
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