Abstract
Human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs) are widely known for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. This study proposes a method to protect cells during and after their injection by encapsulation in a hydrogel using a droplet millifluidics technique. A biocompatible, self-hardening biomaterial composed of silanized-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (Si-HPMC) hydrogel was used and dispersed in an oil continuous phase. Spherical particles with a mean diameter of 200 μm could be obtained in a reproducible manner. The viability of the encapsulated hASCs in the Si-HPMC particles was 70% after 14 days in vitro, confirming that the Si-HPMC particles supported the diffusion of nutrients, vitamins, and glucose essential for survival of the encapsulated hASCs. The combination of droplet millifluidics and biomaterials is therefore a very promising method for the development of new cellular microenvironments, with the potential for applications in biomedical engineering.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are of significant medical interest as they have the ability to differentiate into several cell types
Our results show that this encapsulation method supported Human adipose-derived stromal cells (hASCs) survival and that it is suitable for hydrophilic biomaterials such as Si-HPMC
Hank’s Balanced Sodium Salt (HBSS), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium high glucose (4.5 g/L) (DMEM), phosphate buffered salt (PBS) without calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, penicillin/streptomycin, and trypsin/EDTA (0.05%/0.53 mM) were obtained from Invitrogen (Paisley, UK). 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), olive oil, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextrans, collagenase crude type I A, and trypan blue were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich
Summary
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are of significant medical interest as they have the ability to differentiate into several cell types (including chondrocytes, osteocytes, and adipocytes). They have already been exploited to treat several pathologies, including osteo-articular diseases, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular pathologies, angiogenic diseases, and skin injuries [1–6]. In recent years, they have become known for their potent immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities, which stem from their ability to secrete bioactive trophic factors and to release extracellular vesicles [7–9]. The optimal injection of encapsulated MSCs requires spherical devices with a size that is compatible with a standard needle characteristic
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